Die Prävalenz depressiver Beschwerden in der älteren Bevölkerung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und die Bedeutung methodischer Aspekte für die identifizierten Prävalenzen

 

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Zusammenfassung

Anliegen Die Prävalenzangaben depressiver Beschwerden im Alter variieren stark. Methodik In einer repräsentativen deutschen Bevölkerungsstichprobe ab 50-jähriger (n = 1156) wurden depressive Beschwerden mittels ADS (Allgemeine Depressionsskala) und PHQ-2 (2-Item-Kurzscreener des Patient Health Questionnaire) erfasst. Ergebnisse 15,9 % der Stichprobe wurden mittels ADS, 9,6 % mittels PHQ-2 als depressiv klassifiziert. Die ADS findet höhere Prävalenzen als der PHQ-2. Je nach Altersgruppe werden 3,6–7,8 % der Stichprobe nur vom PHQ-2 und 9,0–14,9 % nur von der ADS identifiziert. Schlussfolgerungen Die gefundenen Prävalenzen entsprechen bekannten Befunden, hängen aber stark vom Erhebungsinstrument ab.

Abstract

Objectives The issue of whether depression increases or decreases with age remains unclear. Methodical aspects play an important role in the research on depression in the elderly. Methods In a representative survey of the German general population aged 50 years and older (n = 1.156) depressive symptomatology was assessed using the CES-D and the PHQ-2, generalized anxiety (GA) was assessed using the GAD-7. Results According the CES-D 15.9 % and according to the PHQ-2 9.6 % of the population under study are classified as depressed. Prevalence rates increase with increasing age, but only few age groups show significant differences. The CES-D reveals higher prevalence rates than the PHQ-2. Nevertheless depending on the age group 3.6–7.8 % of the sample exclusively identified by the PHQ-2, and 9.0–14.9 % of the sample are exclusively identified by the CES-D. 4.8 (50–59 yrs.) to 10.3 % (80+ yrs.) report a moderate symptomatology of GA. GA is highly comorbid with depressive symptomatology. Conclusions The prevalence rates in our study are consistent with previous findings of other studies. Moreover our study underpins the importance of methodical aspects for the prevalence rates identified.

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Dr. Heide Glaesmer

Universität Leipzig, Selbstständige Abteilung für Medizinische Psychologie und Soziologie

Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 55

04103 Leipzig

Email: Heide.Glaesmer@medizin.uni-leipzig.de