Reviews and PerspectivesReviews in Basic and Clinical Gastroenterology and HepatologyRecent Advances in Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Section snippets
Subtypes of AIP: History and Nomenclature
The term “AIP” was used by Yoshida et al to describe a corticosteroid-responsive disease associated with features of autoimmunity.3 The association of AIP and elevated serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 levels was recognized by Hamano et al.4 The observation by Kamisawa et al that not only the pancreas but also the extrapancreatic organs involved in AIP had abundant infiltration with IgG4+ plasma cells led to the notion that AIP was part of a multiorgan disease, recently named IgG4-related disease
Conclusions
AIP and IDCP are two distinct steroid-responsive pancreatitides. AIP is a unique form of chronic pancreatitis defined by characteristic histological features. Despite the frequent association with elevated levels of IgG4 in the serum and IgG4+ plasma cells in tissue, IgG4 is not believed to play a critical role in its pathogenesis. The initial triggering events and predisposing factors to AIP remain elusive and require additional exploration. A diagnosis of AIP requires a high index of clinical
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Conflicts of interest The authors disclose no conflicts.