Abstract
This study presents an evaluation of the German version of the Schema Mode Inventory (SMI) including reliability and validity analyses. Psychometric properties were assessed. We analyzed the factor structure, internal reliability as well as intercorrelations between the subscales, and compared it to the results of the original version. This was done in a sample of N = 432 nonpatients, psychiatric patients with axis I and axis II diagnoses, and forensic patients. Results indicated a 14-factor structure of the SMI and good-to-excellent internal reliabilities of the 14 subscales (Cronbach’s α from .70 to .95). Furthermore, groups of nonpatients and psychiatric patients could be differentiated by their modes in the SMI as theoretically predicted. A first description of the mode presentations of forensic patients is presented.
References
1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 411–423.
(2000). Schemagerichte cognitieve therapie voor persoonlijkheidsstoornissen [
(Schema-focused cognitive therapy for personality disorders ]. Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum.2005). An experimental test of the schema mode model of borderline personality disorder. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 36, 226–239.
(2009). Schema therapy for borderline personality disorder. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
(2004). Dissociation and variability of adult attachment dimensions and early maladaptive schemas in sexual and violent offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19, 1119–1136.
(2007). Schema focused therapy in forensic settings: Theoretical model and recommendations for best clinical practice. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 6, 169–183.
(2009). A schema-focused approach to group psychotherapy for outpatients with borderline personality disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 40, 317–328.
(1997). SKID-II. Strukturiertes Klinisches Interview für DSM-IV. Achse II: Persönlichkeitsstörungen. Interviewheft [
(Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Axis II: Personality disorders ]. Göttingen: Hogrefe.1994). Cross-cultural normative assessment: Translation and adaptation issues influencing the normative interpretation of assessment instruments. Psychological Assessment, 6, 304–312.
(2006). Outpatient psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: Randomized clinical trial of schema-focused therapy vs. transference-focused psychotherapy. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63, 649–658.
(2009). Effects of induced anger in patients with antisocial personality disorder. Psychological Medicine, 39, 557–568.
(2005). Schema modes and childhood abuse in borderline and antisocial personality disorders. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 36, 240–253.
(2007). Shedding light on schema modes: A clarification of the mode concept and its current research status. Netherlands Journal of Psychology, 63, 76–85.
(2010). Reliability and validity of the Short Schema Mode Inventory (SMI). Behavioral and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 38, 437–458.
(2009). Implementation of outpatient schema therapy for borderline personality disorder with versus without crisis support by the therapist outside office hours: A randomized trial. Behavior Research and Therapy, 47, 961–973.
(1999). NORM: Multiple imputation of incomplete multivariate data under a normal model. Version 2.02. Retrieved from www.stat.psu.edu/~jls/misoftwa.html
(2010). Some guidelines concerning the modeling of traits and abilities in test construction. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 26, 1–2.
(2008). Outpatient psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: Cost-effectiveness of schema-focused therapy vs. transference-focused psychotherapy. British Journal of Psychiatry, 192, 450–457.
(1997). SKID-I. Strukturiertes Klinisches Interview für DSM-IV. Achse I: Psychische Störungen. Interviewheft [
(Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Axis I: Disorders ]. Göttingen: Hogrefe.2003). Schema therapy: A practitioner’s guide. New York: Guilford.
(