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Freie Beiträge

Geschlechtsunterschiede im Auftreten von psychischen und Verhaltensstörungen im Jugendalter

Published Online:September 01, 2006https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403.14.3.169

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die wichtigsten Geschlechtsunterschiede im Auftreten von psychischen und Verhaltensstörungen vom Einsetzen der Pubertät bis ins Heranwachsendenalter hinein dargestellt und mögliche Erklärungen für diese Unterschiede diskutiert. Exemplarisch werden zwei Formen von Problemverhalten dargestellt, deren Prävalenz sich in dieser Entwicklungsphase stark verändert: depressive Symptome und Störungsbilder, und externalisierendes Problemverhalten, im Speziellen Aggression und Delinquenz, sowie der Konsum verschiedener psychoaktiver Substanzen. Diese Störungen und die entsprechenden Geschlechtsunterschiede werden in Zusammenhang mit der Lösung von zentralen Entwicklungsaufgaben des Jugendalters gebracht. Abschließend werden Implikationen für die Prävention und die Forschung formuliert.


Gender differences in the occurrence of mental and behavioral disorders during adolescence

Abstract. In the present article, the most important gender differences in the occurrence of mental and behavioral disorders from the beginning of puberty to young adulthood are presented and possible explanations for these differences are discussed. Two types of problem behavior - showing substantial change in prevalence during adolescence - are addressed: depressive symptoms and disorders, and externalizing problem behavior, in particular aggression, delinquency, and use of psycho-active substances. These disorders and gender differences in their prevalence are discussed with regards to the completion of developmental tasks. Finally, implications for prevention and research are formulated.

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