Guest EditorialNon-hemic autoimmunity in CLL
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Cited by (21)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Diagnosis and Treatment
2018, Mayo Clinic ProceedingsCitation Excerpt :Patients with CLL have a dysregulated immune system, which can result in autoimmune complications.119 For unclear reasons, the most common autoimmune manifestations of CLL are hematologic, with acquired angioedema, glomerulonephritis, and paraneoplastic pemphigus among the nonhematologic autoimmune complications.120 Autoimmune cytopenias occur in 4% to 10% of patients with CLL, with AIHA and ITP being the 2 most common.121
Inflammatory myopathies and lymphoma
2016, Journal of the Neurological SciencesCitation Excerpt :CLL is characterized by the progressive accumulation of monoclonal lymphocytes with a distinctive immunophenotype (CD5 +, CD19 +, CD20dim, CD23 +, SmIgdim) in peripheral blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid tissues [205]. Non-hematologic autoimmunity occurs in only 1 to 2% of patients with CLL as a result of disturbance of immune function, and tends to affect patients in early-stage, usually untreated, disease [206–209]. Both cellular and humoral immunity are impaired with qualitative and quantitative defects in B-cells, T-cells, NK-cells, neutrophils and the monocyte/macrophage linage; hypogammaglobulinemia is common, and affects all 3 classes (predominantly IgG3 and IgG4) (Table 3) [208,210].
Lymphoma-associated dysimmune polyneuropathies
2015, Journal of the Neurological SciencesCitation Excerpt :CLL is characterized by the progressive accumulation of monoclonal lymphocytes with a distinctive immunophenotype (CD5 +, CD19 +, CD20dim, CD23 +, SmIgdim) in peripheral blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid tissues [154]. Non-hematologic autoimmunity occurs in 1 to 2% of patients with CLL, and tends to affect patients in early-stage disease due to underlying alterations in immune function [155–158]. Both cellular and humoral immunity are impaired with qualitative and quantitative defects in B-cells, T-cells, NK-cells, neutrophils and the monocyte/macrophage linage [159]; hypogammaglobulinemia is common, and affects all 3 classes (predominantly IgG3 and IgG4) (Table 6).
Fatal paraneoplastic systemic leukocytoclastic vasculitis as a presenting feature of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
2011, Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma and LeukemiaCitation Excerpt :However, in all described cancer-related or paraneoplastic cases, the vasculitis is limited to the skin.3,4 The new-onset CLL was thought to be causative of LCV in this case, although studies by Hamblin et Al2,11 have shown that patients who have CLL do not have a higher incidence of non-hematologic autoimmune phenomena, making it possible that the LCV was an independent process. However, recently, glomerulonephritis and pemphigus vulgaris are the only two non-hematological autoimmune diseases described to be associated with CLL.12,13
Unusual autoimmune nonhematologic complications in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
2011, Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma and LeukemiaCitation Excerpt :These are predominantly hematologic complications, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia or autoimmune thromboc ytopenia. Nonhematologic autoimmune complications are known to occur but much less often.2,4,5 We present 6 cases with unusual complications of CLL to highlight their occurrences, facilitate wider recognition, and expedite effective treatment.