Independent ArticleRisk factors for mortality in patients with multifocal and diffuse hepatic hemangiomas
Section snippets
Study population
With approval of the Committee on Clinical Investigation, our Vascular Anomalies Center database and online registry (www.liverhemangioma.org) were reviewed for all patients with HH entered from 1995 to 2012. All patients with clinical history and radiographic imaging consistent with multifocal and diffuse HH were included. Multifocal HH were characterized as multiple lesions with intervening segments of normal hepatic parenchyma, while diffuse HH were characterized as extensive hepatic
Results
A total of 205 patients with hepatic hemangioma were identified. Of these, 123 patients had multifocal (n = 91) or diffuse (n = 32) hepatic hemangiomas. Fifty-two patients (42%) were evaluated at our institution. The majority (65%) were female. The median age of presentation was 49 days (interquartile range (IQR) 14–98 days). Cutaneous lesions were present in 74% of patients for which these data were available (n = 90/121). Anemia and thrombocytopenia were present in 40% (n = 34/86) and 18% (n = 15/84),
Discussion
Hepatic hemangiomas are benign vascular neoplasms that often resolve without sequelae. We have previously described a classification scheme and treatment algorithm involving three categories of lesions: focal, multifocal, and diffuse [1]. This classification system was validated by an interim analysis of our database and online registry [3]. Multifocal and diffuse HH are usually not detectable at birth. Patients typically present within the first few weeks of life as lesions proliferate.
Acknowledgments
Dr. Rialon is supported by the Stuart and Jane Weitzman Fellowship in Vascular Anomalies.
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