Case Series
Intraoperative floppy-iris syndrome associated with use of antipsychotic drugs

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Abstract

Objective

We report 3 cases of intraoperative floppy-iris syndrome (IFIS) during cataract surgery in patients without a history of selective α1-blocker use but with a long-term history of antipsychotic drug use. We reviewed previously reported cases of antipsychotic drug-associated IFIS cases.

Design

Observational case series.

Results

In case 1, bilateral IFIS developed in a 39-year-old man with chronic angle-closure glaucoma. He had used several classes of antipsychotic drugs to treat schizophrenia, including the first-generation antipsychotic drugs haloperidol and chlorpromazine, the dopamine system stabilizer aripiprazole, the dopamine serotonin antagonists olanzapine and quetiapine, and the serotonin dopamine antagonists risperidone and blonanserin for 7 years. In case 2, a 63-year-old woman with schizophrenia had used aripiprazole, quetiapine, and risperidone for more than 10 years. In case 3, a 65-year-old woman with an organic mental disorder had used haloperidol for more than 10 years. At least 5 cases of antipsychotic drug-induced IFIS have been reported in the literature.

Conclusions

Any class of antipsychotic drugs can cause IFIS. Although antipsychotic drug-induced IFIS can be mild, surgeons should be alert to the possibility of IFIS when they treat patients with current and past use of antipsychotic drugs.

Résumé

Objet

Faire rapport sur trois cas de syndrome de l’iris flasque peropératoire (SIFP) durant une chirurgie de la cataracte chez des patients sans antécédents d’utilisation d’α1-bloquant sélectif, mais qui prenaient depuis longtemps des antipsychotiques.Nous avons examiné des cas précédemment documentés de SIFP associé à des antipsychotiques.

Nature

Étude observationnelle (cas-témoins).

Cas

Cas 1.SIFP bilatéral chez un homme de 39 ans avec glaucome chronique par fermeture de l’angle.Ce patient schizophrène avait été traité pendant 7 ans avec plusieurs catégories d’antipsychotiques, dont l’halopéridol et la chlorpromazine (antipsychotiques de première génération), l’aripiprazole (stabilisateur du système de la dopamine), l’olanzapine et la quétiapine (antagonistes de la dopamine et de la sérotonine) ainsi que la rispéridone et la blonansérine (antagonistes de la sérotonine et de la dopamine).Cas 2.Une femme de 63 ans atteinte de schizophrénie avait été traitée avec l’aripiprazole, la quétiapine et la rispéridone pendant plus de 10 ans.Cas 3.Une femme de 65 ans atteinte d’un trouble mental organique avait utilisé l’halopéridol pendant plus de 10 ans.Au moins cinq cas de SIFP induit par un antipsychotique sont documentés dans la littérature.

Conclusions

Toutes les catégories de médicaments antipsychotiques peuvent causer le SIFP.Même si le SIFP induit par un antipsychotique peut être léger, les chirurgiens doivent être conscients de la possibilité d’un SIFP quand ils traitent des patients qui utilisent ou ont déjà utilisé des antipsychotiques.

Section snippets

Cases

Reporting of the current cases was covered by a study protocol titled “Epidemiologic study in ocular morphology and function,” which the Ethics Committee of Matsue Red Cross Hospital approved.

Discussion

Our 3 cases had common features of incomplete IFIS, no history of systemic selective α1-blocker use, a history of antipsychotic drug use, and concomitant glaucoma. Cases 1 and 3 had used the topical β-blocker timolol, and case 2 had used the topical αβ-blocker levobunolol to treat glaucoma. Although a possible association between the systemic αβ-blocker labetalol and IFIS was reported in one case,4 a multicentre study did not find an association between topical medications, including the

Disclosure

The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

References (9)

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    Citation Excerpt :

    A study (n = 1274) of intraoperative floppy-iris syndrome (IFIS) identified quetiapine, benzodiazepines and hypertension as risk factors for IFIS [35MC]. Three cases of IFIS with APs in a 39-year-old male, a 63-year-old male and a 65-year-old female are reported [36A]. A study (n = 495) of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder found serum concentrations risperidone and quetiapine was correlated with worse verbal memory and verbal fluency for [37C].

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Orally presented at Asia-ARVO 2015 in Yokohama, Japan, Feb 16–19, 2015.

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