Reviews and feature articleThe microbiome and inflammatory bowel disease
Section snippets
The microbiome and inflammatory bowel disease
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated disease affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The disease is thought to develop as a result of interactions between environmental, microbial, and immune-mediated factors in a genetically susceptible host (Fig 1). Several strands of evidence suggest a role for the microbiome in the pathogenesis of IBD (Table I). Data from a number of animal models provide a convincing argument for a fundamental role of an altered microbiome or an
Conclusions
The microbiome in patients with IBD is altered compared with that in healthy control subjects. There is robust evidence from animal models in particular to support a role for the microbiome in disease development and progression. Some, although limited, clinical data support the efficacy of treatment strategies that target the microbiome in patients with IBD. Current evidence supports the use of antibiotics to prevent postoperative recurrence in patients with CD, in the treatment of pouchitis,
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Supported by the Fondren Foundation, Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, William and Marie Wise, and Claudia and Jan Rask.
Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: B. P. Abraham is a consultant for UCB, Takeda, Janssen, Pfizer, Medtronic, and Samsung Bioepis; has received research support from Janssen, Celgene, Genentech, Abbvie, UCB, and Takeda; and is on the speaker’s bureau for Janssen, UCB, Abbvie, Takeda, and Pfizer. E. M. M. Quigley is a consultant to Alimentary Health, Axon, Biocodex, and Salix. The rest of the authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest.