Cervical Lymphadenitis, Suppurative Parotitis, Thyroiditis, and Infected Cysts
Section snippets
Cervical lymphadenitis
The cervical lymphatic system involves a great array of superficial and deep lymph nodes that protect the head, neck, nasopharynx, and oropharynx against infection. Cervical lymphadenitis is characterized by inflammation of one or more of these lymph nodes. Most cases of cervical lymphadenitis, especially in children, are caused by an infectious agent; some immunologic processes and malignancies result in a similar presentation. The following section reviews the differential diagnosis and
Suppurative parotitis
Inflammation of the parotid gland is caused by a variety of infectious agents and noninfectious systemic illnesses. Depending on the clinical presentation and cause, parotitis can be classified into several types: suppurative, viral, granulomatous, recurrent, or chronic. Determining the type of parotitis has important treatment implications.
Thyroiditis
The thyroid gland is remarkably resistant to infection, and infectious thyroiditis is quite rare. Infectious thyroiditis can be classified into three groups: (1) acute suppurative (AST); (2) subacute (ST); and (3) chronic thyroiditis. The incidence of infectious thyroiditis is unknown, but AST is estimated to account for 0.1% to 0.7% of all thyroid pathology [35], [36]. AST, first described by Bauchet in 1857, carries substantial risk and should be treated as a medical emergency. In the
Thyroglossal duct cyst
Thyroglossal duct cysts (TDC) account for 70% of congenital neck anomalies. TDC arise from the embryonic remnant of the thyroglossal duct that connects the foramen cecum (at the base of the tongue) with the thyroid gland. Most patients remain asymptomatic for years. A midline neck mass developing during late childhood, adolescence, or even adulthood is the most common presentation. There is a slight male predominance [55].
Dermoid and epidermoid cysts
Dermoid cysts and epidermoid cysts are the second most common congenital
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2020, Auris Nasus LarynxCitation Excerpt :However, in pyogenic cases, patients require both abscess drainage and antibiotic treatment for successful outcomes [1,5]. The incidence of lymphadenitis is highest children aged of 4–8 years, which can lead to atrophy due to its physiology [1,2,5]. Therefore, previous studies have mostly focused on pediatric patients [1,2,5].
Predictors of a drainable suppurative adenitis among children presenting with cervical adenopathy
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