ASE Guidelines & StandardsGuidelines for the Echocardiographic Assessment of Atrial Septal Defect and Patent Foramen Ovale: From the American Society of Echocardiography and Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions
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The following authors reported no actual or potential conflicts of interest in relation to this document: Frank E. Silvestry, MD, FASE Chair, Meryl S. Cohen, MD, FASE Co-Chair, Laurie B. Armsby, MD, FSCAI, Nitin J. Burkule, MD, DM, FASE, Jonathan J. Rome, MD, and Yan Wang, RDCS. The following authors reported relationships with one or more commercial interests: Craig E. Fleishman, MD, FASE, has served as a consultant for W.L. Gore Medical; Ziyad M. Hijazi MD, MPH, MSCAI has served as a consultant for Occlutech; Roberto M. Lang, MD, FASE, has received grant support and served on the speakers bureau and advisory board for Philips.
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