Case reportLeiomyosarcoma of the Kidney
Introduction
Renal sarcomas are rare tumors. They constitute only 1% to 2% of malignant renal tumors in adulthood. Although leiomyosarcoma is the most common histologic type of renal sarcoma (50%–60%), the information available about renal leiomyosarcomas is limited.1 We report a new case of primary renal leiomyosarcoma to improve understanding of its clinicopathologic features.
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Case Report
A 65-year-old woman with arterial hypertension was admitted to our hospital with a presentation of intermittent right flank pain. Physical examination revealed a firm, mildly tender mass in the right lumber region. Laboratory data were within normal limits. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a large heterogeneous mass 13 × 11 × 9 cm. A computed tomographic scan revealed a large right renal solid mass 13 × 11 × 10 cm, with necrotic changes infiltrating the perirenal fat without any vascular or
Discussion
Primary renal sarcomas are rare tumors in adults, accounting for approximately 1% to 2% of all primary renal malignancies, whereas leiomyosarcoma constitutes about 50% to 60% of all cases of renal sarcomas. In most cases leiomyosarcoma of the kidney is thought to arise from the renal capsule, smooth muscle fibers of the renal pelvis, and muscle fibers within renal blood vessels.2 These tumors occur mainly in the fourth to eighth decades of life. They are twice as common in women as in men and
Conclusion
Leiomyosarcoma of the kidney is an extremely rare entity with a poor prognosis, which continues to create difficulty in early diagnosis. Radiologic features are nonspecific and diagnosis usually takes place postoperatively. Prognosis has remained fairly poor, with debatable roles for chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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