Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery
Systematic Review With Video IllustrationScaffold-Based Repair for Cartilage Healing: A Systematic Review and Technical Note
Section snippets
Methods
All studies published in the English language addressing cartilage scaffold-based treatment were identified. Two reviewers performed a search of the MEDLINE database on PubMed from 1995 to February 2012, using the terms “autologous chondrocyte transplantation,” “second/third generation ACI,” “matrix-assisted chondrocyte implantation,” “cartilage regeneration,” “scaffold-based repair,” and “osteochondral repair.” Studies were included in the authors’ systematic review if they fulfilled the
Results
The PubMed search identified 187 articles referring to in vitro studies, 210 articles referring to animal studies, and 121 articles referring to clinical studies. The number of articles per year increased progressively from 1995, as reported in detail in Fig 1. Among the clinical studies, excluding those not fulfilling the inclusion criteria, the number of selected articles was 51, of which 40 focused on 2-step procedures and 11 focused on 1-step procedures (Tables 1 and 2). The evaluation of
Discussion
Regeneration of the articular surface is a challenge faced by both surgeons in the operating room and basic scientists in the laboratory when aiming to restore a hyaline-like cartilage with normal tissue characteristics. In fact, the growing interest in cartilage regeneration can be seen at all levels by the increasing number of publications every year that focus on this topic from the in vitro tests, preclinical animal studies, and clinical applications (Fig 1).
Research in bioengineering has
Conclusions
Regenerative scaffold-based procedures are emerging as a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of chondral and osteochondral lesions. In fact, this systematic review shows a growing interest at all levels, with an increasing number of publications every year in in vitro studies, preclinical animal studies, and clinical applications. One-step scaffold-based strategies have recently been developed to simplify the procedure, broaden the indications and further improve the results.
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The authors report that they have no conflicts of interest in the authorship and publication of this article.