Coronary artery diseaseRelation of Mitral Annular Calcium and Coronary Calcium (from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis [MESA])
Section snippets
Methods
MESA patients with baseline MAC and CAC computed tomographic (CT) scans were studied. Patients on dialysis were excluded from the study. The MESA cohort consists of 6,814 men and women 45 to 84 years of age who were recruited from 6 communities in the United States and were free of clinically evident CVD at time of enrollment. The main objective of MESA is to determine characteristics of subclinical CVD and its progression. Participants were excluded if they had a history of coronary bypass
Results
The study population consisted of 6,814 subjects with no previous coronary disease. Cohort participants were 38% white (n = 2,622), 28% black (n = 1,894), 22% Hispanic (n = 1493), and 12% Chinese (n = 803). MAC was present in 644 (9%) of the cohort and CAC was present in 3,398 (50%) of the study cohort.
Baseline characteristics concerning presence/absence of MAC are listed in Table 1. Subjects with MAC were significantly more likely to be older, women, white, had a higher prevalence of
Discussion
Our study demonstrates that MAC is independently associated with increasing severity of coronary atherosclerosis as measured by CAC in all racial groups. This relation persisted even after taking into account age, gender, and other traditional coronary heart disease risk factors. Prevalence of CAC appears to follow a pattern similar to that of coronary heart disease, with a strongly increasing prevalence with age and much higher prevalence in men compared to women.7 Coronary calcium has also
Acknowledgment
The authors thank the other investigators, staff, and participants of the MESA study for their valuable contributions. A full list of participating MESA investigators and institutions can be found at http://www.mesa-nhlbi.org.
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This research was supported by Grant R01 HL071739 and Contracts N01-HC-95159 through N01-HC-95165 and N01-HC-95169 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.