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Acute toxicity in 14 patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with concurrent cetuximab and radiotherapy

Tossicità acuta in 14 pazienti affetti da carcinoma squamoso localmente avanzato del distretto testa-collo trattati con radioterapia e cetuximab concomitante

  • Radiotherapy / Radioterapia
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

The authors report acute toxicity in 14 patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with radiotherapy and cetuximab.

Materials and methods

Data collection was performed prospectively on patients treated from September 2007 to March 2009. Treatment consisted of 64.8–70 Gy radiotherapy in conventional fractions and cetuximab.

Results

Two out of 14 patients did not complete the planned combined treatment; radiotherapy was temporarily suspended in six other patients. Seven of 12 patients received cetuximab until the end of radiotherapy. Treatment breaks were principally due to severe acute cutaneous or mucous toxicity. Any grade acneiform rash occurred in all patients. In-field G3-4 cutaneous toxicity occurred in five (36%) patients and G3-4 mucous toxicity in seven (50%). One patient died of sepsis.

Conclusions

In our experience, severe acute toxic reactions are common in patients treated with radiotherapy and concurrent cetuximab, resulting in frequent breaks or incomplete treatment with potential reduction in disease control.

Riassunto

Obiettivo

Scopo del nostro lavoro è stato riportare i dati relativi alla tossicità acuta in 14 pazienti affetti da carcinoma squamoso localmente avanzato del distretto testa-collo trattati con radioterapia e cetuximab in contemporanea.

Materiali e metodi

La raccolta dei dati è stata effettuata in modo prospettico relativamente ai pazienti trattati da settembre 2007 a marzo 2009. Lo schema di trattamento consisteva nella radioterapia per una dose totale di 64,8–70 Gy con frazionamento convenzionale associata al cetuximab.

Risultati

In 2 dei 14 pazienti il trattamento combinato pianificato non è stato completato; la radioterapia è stata temporaneamente interrotta in altri 6 pazienti. In 7 dei 12 pazienti che hanno ricevuto la terapia combinata il cetuximab è stato somministrato fino al termine della radioterapia. Le interruzioni sono state principalmente imputabili all’insorgenza di tossicità cutanea o mucosa severa. In tutti i pazienti è comparso rash cutaneo di tipo acneiforme; tossicità cutanea di grado 3–4 si è verificata in 5 (36%) pazienti mentre tossicità mucosa di grado 3–4 si è avuta in 7 (50%) pazienti; un paziente è deceduto per sepsi.

Conclusioni

Nella nostra esperienza gli effetti tossici acuti di entità severa nei pazienti trattati con radioterapia e cetuximab concomitante sono stati comuni implicando interruzioni frequenti della terapia o l’impossibilità di completare il trattamento con potenziale minor efficacia sul controllo della malattia.

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Correspondence to R. Muni.

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Valeriani, M., Muni, R., Osti, M.F. et al. Acute toxicity in 14 patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with concurrent cetuximab and radiotherapy. Radiol med 117, 125–132 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-011-0716-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-011-0716-3

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