Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Radiation exposure to the patient and operating room personnel during percutaneous nephrolithotomy

International Urology and Nephrology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction: The increased use of fluoroscopy during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) places the urologist and operating room personnel at an occupational risk for measurable radiation exposure. We evaluated the degree of radiation exposure received by the patient and operating room personnel at our endourology facility during PCNL. Patients and method: The incident radiation dose to the patient and the urologist during 50 consecutive PCNL procedures was monitored using lithium fluoride thermo-luminescent dosimeter chips (TLD chips). A hand held radiation survey meter was used to measure the radiation in air at different positions occupied by various operating room personnel. The approximate distances of the various personnel from the X-ray tube were also measured. Results: PCNL was performed upon 35 males and 15 females. The average time for the procedure was 75 minutes (range: 30–150 min). The mean fluoroscopy screening time during the procedure was 6.04 min (range 1.8–12.16 min) with a mean fluoroscopy tube potential of 68 kVp and a mean tube current of 2.76 mA. The mean radiation exposure dose to the patient was 0.56 mSv (SD ± 0.35), while the mean incident radiation exposure to the finger of the urologist was 0.28 mSv (SD ± 0.13). Conclusion: The various operating room personnel are within safe radiation dose limits during PCNL. Efficient fluoroscopy further reduces the radiation scatter. All occupational personnel should ‘achieve as low as reasonably achievable’ dose by adhering to good practices.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. InstitutionalAuthorNameConsensus Conference (1998) ArticleTitlePrevention and treatment of kidney stones JAMA 260 977–981

    Google Scholar 

  2. JE Lingeman JR Newmark MYC Wong (1995) Classification and management of staghorn calculi AD Smith (Eds) Controversies in Endourology WB Saunders Philadelphia 136–144

    Google Scholar 

  3. K Geterud A Larsson S Mattsson (1989) ArticleTitleRadiation dose to patients and personnel during fluoroscopy at percutaneous renal stone extraction Acta Radiol 30 IssueID2 201–205 Occurrence Handle2923746 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaL1M7ms1alsA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.3109/02841858909174665

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. WH Bush GE Brannen RP Gibbons RJ Correa JS Eider (1984) ArticleTitleRadiation exposure to patients and urologist during Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy J Urol 132 IssueID6 1148–1152 Occurrence Handle6502806 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaL2M%2FlvVeksA%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. WH Bush D Jones GE Brannen (1985) ArticleTitleRadiation dose to personnel during percutaneous nephrolithotomy Am J Roentgenol 145 1261–1264 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaL28%2FkslChsQ%3D%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Implementation of the principle of as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) for the medical and dental personal. NCRP report No-107, Bethesda, MD; National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, 1990

  7. JG Giblin J Rubenstein A Taylor J Pahira (1996) ArticleTitleRadiation risk to urologist during endourologic and a new shield that reduces exposure Urology 48 IssueID4 624–627 Occurrence Handle8886071 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2s%2FktVOmug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0090-4295(96)00180-X

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. LT Niklason VM Marx H Chan (1993) ArticleTitleInterventional radiologist: occupational radiation doses and risk Radiology 187 729–733 Occurrence Handle8497622 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3s3mvVyqug%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. McDougall EM, Liatsikos EN, Dinlenc CZ, Smith AD. Percutaneous approaches to the upper tract. In: Walsh PC, Retik AB, Vaughan ED Jr, Wein AJ (eds), Campbell’s Urology. Saunders, Philadelphia 2002; 4: 3320–3360

  10. PN Rao K Faulkner JK Sweeney DL Asbury P Sambrook NJ Blacklock (1987) ArticleTitleRadiation dose to patient and staff during percutaneous nephrolithotomy Br J Urol 59 IssueID6 508–512 Occurrence Handle3690178 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaL1c%2FnvVOrsg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1464-410X.1987.tb04864.x

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. WJ Bowsher P Blott HN Whitfield (1992) ArticleTitleRadiation protection in percutaneous nephrolithotomy Br J Urol 69 231–233 Occurrence Handle1568094 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK383jtlahtA%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. J Law JA Inglis DA Tolley (1989) ArticleTitleRadiation dose to urological surgeons during X-ray fluoroscopy for percutaneous stone extraction BJR 62 185–187 Occurrence Handle2924102 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaL1M7mslGhsA%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. International Commission on Radiological Protection 1990, ICRP Report No.-60

  14. KR Thomas J Brannall BC Wilson (1982) ArticleTitleA “flagpole” lead glass screen for radiographic procedures Radiology 143 557–558

    Google Scholar 

  15. RM Yang T Morgan GC Bellman (2002) ArticleTitleRadiation protection during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a new urologic surgery radiation shield J Endourol 16 727–731 Occurrence Handle12542875 Occurrence Handle10.1089/08927790260472872

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Monish Aron.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kumari, G., Kumar, P., Wadhwa, P. et al. Radiation exposure to the patient and operating room personnel during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Int Urol Nephrol 38, 207–210 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-005-4972-9

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-005-4972-9

Keywords

Navigation