Abstract
Purpose
Intravenous IgG (ivIg) is a therapeutic alternative for lupus erythematosus, the mechanism of which remains to be fully understood. Here we investigated whether ivIg affects two established sub-phenotypes of SLE, namely relative oligoclonality of circulating T-cells and reduced activity of CD4 + Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells (Tregs) reflected by lower CD25 surface density.
Methods
We conducted a longitudinal study of 15 lupus patients (14 with SLE and one with discoid LE) treated with ivIg in cycles of 2–6 consecutive monthly infusions. Among these 15 patients, 10 responded to ivIg therapy with clear clinical improvement. We characterized Tregs and determined TCR spectratypes of four Vβ families with reported oligoclonality. Cell counts, cytometry and TCR spectratypes were obtained from peripheral blood at various time points before, during and after ivIg treatment. T-cell oligoclonality was assessed as Vβ-familywise repertoire perturbation, calculated for each patient in respect to an individual reference profile averaged over all available time points.
Results
For 11 out of 15 patients, average Vβ1/Vβ2/Vβ11/Vβ14 repertoires were less perturbed under than outside ivIg therapy. The four exceptions with relatively increased average perturbation during ivIg therapy included three patients who failed to respond clinically to an ivIg therapy cycle. Patients' Treg CD25 surface density (cytometric MFI) was clearly reduced when compared to healthy controls, but not obviously influenced by ivIg. However, patients' average Treg CD25 MFI was found negatively correlated with both Vβ11 and Vβ14 perturbations measured under ivIg therapy.
Conclusions
This indicates a role of active Tregs in the therapeutic effect of ivIg.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by research funding from Octapharma to Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência. AEP and CF received postdoctoral fellowships from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal (SFRH/BPD/20806/2004 and SFRH/BPD/34648/2007). Cooperation between Portugal and France was supported by a travel grant from Programa Pessoa (FCT, Portugal). We also thank the Serviço de Imunohemoterapia, Hospital de Egaz Moniz, Lisboa, for cooperation and acknowledge the local Post-genomic Platform of Pitié-Salpêtriêre (P3S) for providing access to its capillary sequencer facility.
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Nuno Costa, Ana E. Pires and Ana M. Gabriel contributed equally to the work.
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Costa, N., Pires, A.E., Gabriel, A.M. et al. Broadened T-cell Repertoire Diversity in ivIg-treated SLE Patients is Also Related to the Individual Status of Regulatory T-cells. J Clin Immunol 33, 349–360 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-012-9816-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-012-9816-7