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HBV infection increases the risk of pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis

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Abstract

Background

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is reported to be associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer (PaC), but it remains controversial whether this is a causal relationship. In addition, it is unclear whether the status of HBV infection also affects PaC risk. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to more closely examine the association between HBV infection and PaC.

Method

The studies included in the meta-analysis were identified and retrieved from PubMed and several other databases. The literature search was conducted up until August 2012. We adopted the Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan 5.1 in a combined analysis of pooled relative risk (RR) with their corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effects and a fixed-effects model.

Results

Nine studies including 6 case–control and 3 cohort studies met eligibility criteria. The meta-analysis showed that the PaC risk was positively correlated with HBV infection when comparing with ‘never exposed to HBV’ subgroup, the pooled RR was 1.39 (95 % CI 1.22–1.59, p < 0.00001) in chronic HBV carriers, 1.41 (95 % CI 1.06–1.87, p = 0.02) in past exposure to HBV, and 3.83 (95 % CI 1.76–8.36, p = 0.0007) in active HBV infection. Using a stratified analysis, we also found that the risk of PaC was independent of smoking, alcohol drinking, and diabetes.

Conclusion

Findings from this meta-analysis strongly support that HBV infection is associated with an increased risk of PaC.

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Abbreviations

HBV:

Hepatitis B virus

PaC:

Pancreatic cancer

OR:

Odds ratio

RR:

Relative risk

HR:

Hazard ratio

CIs:

Confidence intervals

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the Chongqing Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (CSTC, 2009BA5045) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC No. 81202220).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, XinQiao Hospital or Biomedical Analysis Center Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People’s Republic of China

    Gang Luo, Ning-Bo Hao, Chang-Jiang Hu, Xin Yong, Mu-Han Lü, Bo-Jun Cheng & Shi-Ming Yang

  2. Department of Epidemiology, Clinic Epidemiology Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China

    Yao Zhang

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  1. Gang Luo
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  2. Ning-Bo Hao
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  7. Yao Zhang
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yao Zhang or Shi-Ming Yang.

Additional information

Yao Zhang and Shi-Ming Yang contributed equally to this study and should share corresponding authorship together.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

10552_2012_144_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Supplementary Figure 1 Forest plots of risk of Pac associated with chronic carrier of HBV based on research sources (hospital-based and community-based studies) (TIFF 12,423 kb)

Supplementary Figure 2 Forest plots of risk of Pac associated with past exposure to HBV based on race (TIFF 18,970 kb)

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Luo, G., Hao, NB., Hu, CJ. et al. HBV infection increases the risk of pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control 24, 529–537 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-012-0144-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-012-0144-2

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