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Natürliche Fertilität und Alter

Natural fertility and age

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Gynäkologische Endokrinologie Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Alter und Fertilität sind eng miteinander verbunden. Es besteht für Frauen eine homogene, hohe Fruchtbarkeit bis etwa zum 30. Lebensjahr (etwa jeder vierte Zyklus ist erfolgreich), die danach zunächst leicht abnimmt, um bei noch stärkerer Abnahme ab dem 35. Lebensjahr (mit 40 Jahren ist nur etwa jeder zehnte Zyklus erfolgreich) schließlich mit etwa 45–47 Jahren zu erlöschen. Spontankonzeptionen kommen dann noch sporadisch vor, die Abortrate ist sehr hoch. Dieser Verlauf hat sich offensichtlich in den letzten 3–4 Jahrhunderten nicht verändert. Hauptursache ist der Eizellfaktor mit altersabhängiger Abnahme der intrinsischen Befruchtungs- und Entwicklungsfähigkeit der Oozyten.

Abstract

Age and fertility are closely linked. Women under 30 years of age have high and homogenous fertility with a chance of conception in every fourth cycle. After that, natural fertility steadily declines, especially from the age of 35. At 40 only every 10th cycle is successful, while natural fertility is virtually exhausted by 45–47 years of age. This natural course of declining fertility has evidently not changed in the last three to four centuries. The main reason for this is the oocyte factor with its age-related decline in the intrinsic fertilization and development potential.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. green-ivf, Grevenbroicher Endokrinologie- und IVF-Zentrum, Rheydter Str. 143, 41515, Grevenbroich, Deutschland

    Christian Gnoth

  2. Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsfrauenklinik Köln, Uniklinik Köln, Köln, Deutschland

    Christian Gnoth

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C. Gnoth gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden vom Autor keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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T. Strowitzki, Heidelberg

H. Fluhr, Heidelberg

W. Küpker, Bühl

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Gnoth, C. Natürliche Fertilität und Alter. Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 18, 81–87 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10304-020-00311-4

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