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Weitsichtigkeit als Risikofaktor für Patienten mit nicht-arteritischeranteriorer ischämischer Optikusneuropathie

Hyperopia as a risk factor in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die nicht-arteritische anteriore ischämische Optikusneuropathie (NAION) ist die häufigste akute optische Neuropathie bei älteren Menschen, mit einer Häufigkeit von 2 bis 10 pro 100.000 Menschen im Alter von 50 Jahren und älter.

Ziel unserer Untersuchung war es, die Refraktionsfehler bei Patienten mit NAION zu überprüfen, vor allem hinsichtlich der Weitsichtigkeit als zusätzliches Risiko für NAION.

Methode und/oder Patienten

Retrospektiv wurden die medizinischen Unterlagen einer detaillierten Augenuntersuchung bei 109 Patienten (109 Augen) mit akuter NAION, die zwischen Januar 2002 und Dezember 2011 in unsere Abteilung aufgenommen wurden, überprüft. Die Refraktionsfehler wurden mit einem Autorefraktometer gemessen. Das sphärische Äquivalent wurde als Maß für Refraktionsfehler angewandt. Nur akute Episoden von diesen Patienten wurden in die Untersuchung eingeschlossen.

Ergebnisse

Das durchschnittliche Alter bei Ausbruch der ersten Episode war 68,53 Jahre. Die Mehrheit unserer NAION Patienten (76 von 109; 69,7 %) war zwischen 60 und 80 Jahre alt. Die meisten Augen (67 von 109) waren weitsichtig (61,5 %). Der durchschnittliche Grad der Weitsichtigkeit war + 2,38 D. Von den 109 Patienten mit NAION hatten 23 (21,1 %) bilaterale Episoden.

Schlussfolgerungen

Unsere Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, daß Weitsichtigkeit ein prädisponierender Faktor für NAION sein könnte. Da es keine zuverlässige und wirksame Behandlung für NAION gibt, haben Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung ischämischer Optikusneuropathie Vorrang. Bei Patienten mit mäßiger Weitsichtigkeit sollte eine detaillierte Augenuntersuchung vorgenommen werden, mit nachdrücklicher Betonung der Erkennung und Behandlung anderer möglicher Risikofaktoren um das NAION-Risiko auf ein Minimum herabzusetzen.

Summary

Background

Non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the most common acute optic neuropathy in the elderly with the incidence of 2–10 in per 100,000 people aged 50 years or older. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the refractive errors in patients with NAION, and to evaluate if hyperopia is frequently observed in patient to hyperopia as a possible further risk factor of NAION.

Material and methods

In this retrospective study 109 patients (109 eyes) with acute NAION, who were admitted to our department between January 2002 and December 2012 were enrolled. Refractive errors were measured with an autorefractometer. Spherical equivalent was used as a measure of refractive error. In bilateral event the eye with the first acute episode of NAION were included in the study.

Results

The average age on the first episode was 68.53 years. The majority of our NAION patients (76 of 109, 69.7 %) were between 60 and 80 years of age. The majority of eyes (67 of 109) were hyperopic (61.5 %). The average degree of hyperopia was + 2.38 D. Twenty-three of 109 patients (21.2 %) with NAION had bilateral events.

Conclusion

Hyperopia could be a predisposing factor for NAION, so the patients with moderate hyperopia should be informed about this possible risk. Hence there is no reliable and effective treatment for NAION, the prevention of other possible risk factors is the only way to minimize the risk for NAION and to prevent the involvement of the fellow eye.

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Correspondence to Dušica Pahor MD, PhD.

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Pahor, D., Gračner, B. Weitsichtigkeit als Risikofaktor für Patienten mit nicht-arteritischeranteriorer ischämischer Optikusneuropathie. Spektrum Augenheilkd. 27, 141–146 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00717-012-0121-x

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