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Assessment of predictive factors for recurrence in laparoscopic ventral hernia repair using a bridging technique

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Abstract

Aim

To assess the long-term incidence and predictive factors for recurrence after laparoscopic ventral hernia repair using a bridging technique.

Methods

The study group consisted of 213 consecutive patients operated by laparoscopy for primary ventral (n = 158) or incisional hernia (n = 55) between 2001 and 2014. Patients had a repair without fascia closure by intra-peritoneal onlay placement of a Parietex® composite mesh centred on the defect with an overlap of at least 3 cm. Clinical outcome was assessed by a combination of office consultation, patient’s electronic medical file review and telephone interview.

Results

There were 144 men and 69 women with a mean age of 55 ± 12 years and a BMI of 32 ± 6. With a mean follow-up of 69 ± 44 months, a recurrent hernia was noted in 16 patients (7.5%). Univariate analysis showed a statistically significant higher recurrence rate in the following conditions: incisional hernia (15%), BMI ≥ 35 (21%), defect width >4 cm (27%), defect area >20 cm2 (27%), mesh overlap <5 cm (32%) and ratio of mesh area to defect area (M/D ratio) ≤12 (48%). Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that M/D ratio was the only independent predictive factor for recurrence (coefficient −0.79, OR 0.46, p < 0.002). With a M/D ratio ≤8, between 9 and 12, between 13 and 16, and ≥17, the recurrence rate was, respectively, 70, 35, 9 and 0% (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

In laparoscopic repair of ventral hernia using a bridging technique, an overlap of at least 5 cm is not all that is required to prevent hernia recurrence. The M/D ratio is the most important predictive factor for recurrence. A ratio of 13 appears as the threshold under which that technique cannot be recommended and 16 as the threshold over which the risk of recurrence is virtually nil. If a satisfactory M/D ratio cannot be achieved, other surgical repair should be proposed to the patient.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, CH wapi, 9 Avenue Delmée, 7500, Tournai, Belgium

    P. Hauters, J. Desmet, D. Gherardi, S. Dewaele, H. Poilvache & P. Malvaux

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  1. P. Hauters
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  2. J. Desmet
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  3. D. Gherardi
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  4. S. Dewaele
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  5. H. Poilvache
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  6. P. Malvaux
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Correspondence to P. Hauters.

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Disclosures

Drs Hauters, Desmet, Gherardi, Dewaele, Poilvache and Malvaux have no conflict of interest or financial ties to disclose.

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Hauters, P., Desmet, J., Gherardi, D. et al. Assessment of predictive factors for recurrence in laparoscopic ventral hernia repair using a bridging technique. Surg Endosc 31, 3656–3663 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-016-5401-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-016-5401-0

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