Abstract
Background
Despite its reduced aggressiveness and excellent results obtained in certain diseases, minimally invasive surgery did not manage to significantly lower the risks of esophageal resections. Further advances in technology led to the creation of robotic systems with their unique maneuverability of the instruments and exceptional view on the operative field, thus setting the prerequisites for performance in complex surgical procedures and offering new possibilities to a disease notorious for its dismal prognosis.
Materials and methods
The robotic-assisted transhiatal esophagectomy technique was used in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower esophagus that had high medical risk for surgical therapy.
Results
Esophageal resection and reconstruction were possible through a robotic-assisted minimally invasive transhiatal approach. There were no intraoperative incidents, blood loss was minimal, and lymph node dissection and removal was possible during the procedure. Early ambulation and conservative treatment of the mild complications that occurred offered a favorable postoperative outcome.
Conclusion
The robotic-assisted transhiatal esophagectomy technique is feasible and safe. Complex procedures become less technically demanding with the help of the robotic system and, thus, the minimally invasive approach can be offered for the benefit of selected patients. Further studies are required to confirm these observations and to establish the role of this procedure in the future.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Earlam R, Cunha-Melo JR (1980) Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: I. A critical review of surgery. Br J Surg 67:381–390
Allum WH, Roginski C, Fieldig CW et al (1986) Adenocarcinoma of the cardia: a ten year regional review. World J Surg 10:462–467
Siewert JR (1988) Achievements of tumor surgery in tumors of the esophagus. Langenbecks Arch Chir Suppl 2:119–126
Millikan KW, Silverstein J, Hart V, Blair K, Bines S, Roberts J, Doolas A (1995) A 15-year review of esophagectomy for carcinoma of the esophagus and cardia. Arch Surg 130:617–624
Orringer MB, Sloan H (1978) Esophagectomy without thoracotomy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 76:643–654
Cuschieri A, Shimi S, Banting S (1992) Endoscopic oesophagectomy through a right thoracoscopic approach. J R Coll Surg Edinb 37:7–11
Kawahara K, Maekawa T, Okabayashi K, Hideshima T, Shiraishi T, Yoshinaga Y, Shirakusa T (1999) Video-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Surg Endosc 13:218–223
Smithers BM, Gotley DC, McEwan D, Martin I, Bessell J, Doyle L (2001) Thoracoscopic mobilization of the esophagus: a 6 year experience. Surg Endosc 15:176–182
DePaula AL, Hashiba K, Ferreira EA, de Paula RA, Grecco E (1995) Laparoscopic transhiatal esophagectomy with esophagogastroplasty. Surg Laparosc Endosc 5:1–5
Swanstrom L, Hansen P (1997) Laparoscopic total esophagectomy. Arch Surg 132:943–949
Nguyen NT, Schauer PR, Luketich JD (1999) Combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic approach to esophagectomy. J Am Coll Surg 188:328–332
Luketich JD, Alvelo-Rivera M, Buenaventura PO, Christie NA, McCaughan JS, Litle VR, Schauer PR, Close JM, Fernando HC (2003) Minimally invasive esophagectomy: outcomes in 222 patients. Ann Surg 238:486–494
Ballanthyne GH (2002) Robotic surgery, telerobotic surgery, telepresence and telementoring. Surg Endosc 16:1389–1402
Melvin W, Needleman B, Krause K, Schneider C, Wolf R, Michler R, Ellison E (2002) Computer-enhanced robotic telesurgery. Surg Endosc 16:1790–1792
Talamini M, Chapman S, Horgan S, Melvin W (2003) A prospective analysis of 211 robotic-assisted surgical procedures. Surg Endosc 17:1521–1524
Giulianotti P, Coratti A, Angelini M, Sbrana F, Cecconi S, Balestracci T, Caravaglios G (2003) Robotics in general surgery. Arch Surg 138:777–784
Sihvo EI, Luostarinen ME, Salo JA (2004) Fate of patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and the esophagogastric junction: a population-based analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 99:419–424
Whooley BP, Law S, Murthy SC, Alexandrou A, Wong J (2001) Analysis of reduced death and complication rates after esophageal resection. Ann Surg 233:338–344
Nagawa H, Kobori O, Muto T (1994) Prediction of pulmonary complications after transthoracic oesophagectomy. Br J Surg 81:860–862
Ferguson MK, Durkin AE (2002) Preoperative prediction of the risk of pulmonary complications after esophagectomy for cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 123:661–669
Karl RC, Schreiber R, Boulware D, Baker S, Coppola D (2000) Factors affecting morbidity, mortality, and survival in patients undergoing Ivor Lewis esophagogastrectomy. Ann Surg 231:635–643
Orringer MB, Marshall B, Iannettoni MD (2001) Transhiatal esophagectomy for treatment of benign and malignant esophageal disease. World J Surg 25:196–203
Hulscher JBF, Tijssen JBP, Obertop H et al (2001) Transthoracic versus transhiatal resection for carcinoma of the esophagus: a meta-analysis. Ann Thorac Surg 72:306–313
Gossot D, Cattan P, Fritsch S, Halimi B, Sarfati E, Celerier M (1995) Can the morbidity of esophagectomy be reduced by the thoracoscopic approach? Surg Endosc 9:1113–1115
Robertson GSM, Lloyd DM, Wicks ACB, Veitch PS (1996) No obvious advantages for thoracoscopic two-stage oesophagectomy. Br J Surg 83:675–678
Nguyen NT, Roberts P, Follette DM, Rivers R, Wolfe BM (2003) Thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy for benign and malignant disease: lessons learned from 46 consecutive procedures. J Am Coll Surg 197:902–913
Fernando HC, Luketich JD, Buenaventura PO, Perry Y, Christie NA (2002) Outcomes of minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) for high-grade dysplasia of the esophagus. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 22:1–6
Endo M, Yoshino K, Kawano T, Nagai K, Inoue H (2000) Clinicopathologic analysis of lymph node metastasis in surgically resected superficial cancer of the thoracic esophagus. Dis Esophagus 13:125–129
Ryan P, McCarthy S, Kelly J, Collins JK, Dunne C, Grogan L, Breathnach O, Shanahan F, Carey PD, Walsh TN, O’Sullivan GC (2004) Prevalence of bone marrow micrometastases in esophagogastric cancer patients with and without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. J Surg Res. 117:121–126
Bonavina L, Incarbone R, Bona D, Peracchia A (2004) Esophagectomy via laparoscopy and transmediastinal endodissection. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 14:13–16
Bumm R, Feussner H, Bartels H, Stein H, Dittler H, Höfler H, Siewert R (1997) Radical transhiatal esophagectomy with two-field lymphadenectomy and endodissection for distal esophageal adenocarcinoma. World J Surg 2:822–831
Espat J, Jacobsen G, Horgan S, Donahue P (2005) Minimally invasive treatment of esophageal cancer: laparoscopic staging to robotic esophagectomy. Cancer J 11:10–17
Horgan S, Berger R, Elli E, Espat J (2003) Robotic-assisted minimally invasive transhiatal esophagectomy. Am Surg 69:624–626
Bodner J, Wykypiel H, Wetscher G, Schmid T (2004) First experiences with the da Vinci operating robot in thoracic surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2004:844–851
Bodner JC, Zitt M, Ott H, Wetscher GJ, Wykypiel H, Lucciarini P, Schmid T (2005) Robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) for benign and malignant esophageal tumors. Ann Thorac Surg 80:1202–1206
Ruurda JP, Draaisma WA, van Hillegersberg R, Borel Rinkes IH, Gooszen HG, Janssen LW, Simmermacher RK, Broeders IA (2005) Robot-assisted endoscopic surgery: a four-year single-center experience. Dig Surg 22:313–320
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gutt, C.N., Bintintan, V.V., Köninger, J. et al. Robotic-assisted transhiatal esophagectomy. Langenbecks Arch Surg 391, 428–434 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-006-0055-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-006-0055-3