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Angehörigenkonferenz

Family conference

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin

Zusammenfassung

In den industrialisierten Gesellschaften sterben Menschen überwiegend im Krankenhaus und hier zunehmend auf den Intensivstationen. Die Auseinandersetzung mit Sterben und Tod zählt somit für Pflegekräfte und Intensivmediziner gleichermaßen zum medizinischen Alltag. Im Gegensatz hierzu stellt für die Angehörigen der Patienten die Konfrontation mit schwerer Krankheit, dem Umfeld der Intensivstation, Sterben und Tod eine Grenzerfahrung dar. Hier brauchen nicht nur die Patienten, sondern auch deren Angehörige Unterstützung. In den vergangenen Jahren haben verschiedene Arbeitsgruppen den Wert sog. Angehörigen- oder Familienkonferenzen aufgezeigt. Trotz inhaltlicher Unterschiede gibt es auch eine Reihe von Gemeinsamkeiten: Hervorzuheben sind hier die strukturierte Durchführung solcher Angehörigenkonferenzen hinsichtlich der Rahmenbedingungen (Räumlichkeit, teilnehmende Personen), aber auch der Gesprächsinhalte und Gesprächsverläufe. Aspekte der Betreuung von Patientenangehörigen stellen einen unverzichtbaren Bestandteil einer qualitativ hochwertigen Intensivtherapie dar. Die ärztliche und nichtärztliche Leitung jeder Intensivstation sollte gemeinsam mit der Verwaltung ein klares Konzept zur Planung und Durchführung solcher Angehörigenkonferenzen entwickeln und die notwendigen Strukturen hierfür schaffen. Auch in den Weiterbildungsinhalten für die Zusatzbezeichnung „Intensivmedizin“ sollten Konzepte zum strukturierten Umgang mit Patientenangehörigen integriert werden.

Abstract

Death in the industrialized countries predominantly takes place within the hospital with an increasing number of patients dying in intensive care. Thus, reflections on life and death are common for both nurses and physicians working in intensive care units. In contrast, severe illness, the environment of an intensive care unit, the process of dying and death confront relatives with a challenging situation. Not only our patients, but also their relatives, therefore, require our support. In recent years, various groups have presented concepts of how to communicate with the families and relatives of patients. Although differences exist, many of the current concepts share similarities: family conferences need a structured environment with regard to the location and the involved persons, as well as a framework for content and course of the desired communication. It must be understood that the care of relatives and family members is indispensible for state-of-the-art intensive care. Medical and non-medical management should, therefore, develop the necessary frameworks together with administrative authorities to enable the intensive care unit to practice such conferences. These important aspects of additional care in intensive care medicine should be incorporated into continuing education.

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Correspondence to U. Janssens.

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Janssens, U., Graf, J. Angehörigenkonferenz. Intensivmed 47, 35–42 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00390-009-0135-z

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