Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the recommendations for multiparametric prostate MRI (mp-MRI) interpretation introduced in the recently updated Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2 (PI-RADSv2), and investigate the impact of pathologic tumour volume on prostate cancer (PCa) detectability on mpMRI.
Methods
This was an institutional review board (IRB)-approved, retrospective study of 150 PCa patients who underwent mp-MRI before prostatectomy; 169 tumours ≥0.5-mL (any Gleason Score [GS]) and 37 tumours <0.5-mL (GS ≥4+3) identified on whole-mount pathology maps were located on mp-MRI consisting of T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion-weighted (DW)-MRI, and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI. Corresponding PI-RADSv2 scores were assigned on each sequence and combined as recommended by PI-RADSv2. We calculated the proportion of PCa foci on whole-mount pathology correctly identified with PI-RADSv2 (dichotomized scores 1–3 vs. 4–5), stratified by pathologic tumour volume.
Results
PI-RADSv2 allowed correct identification of 118/125 (94 %; 95 %CI: 90–99 %) peripheral zone (PZ) and 42/44 (95 %; 95 %CI: 89–100 %) transition zone (TZ) tumours ≥0.5 mL, but only 7/27 (26 %; 95 %CI: 10–42 %) PZ and 2/10 (20 %; 95 %CI: 0–52 %) TZ tumours with a GS ≥4+3, but <0.5 mL. DCE-MRI aided detection of 4/125 PZ tumours ≥0.5 mL and 0/27 PZ tumours <0.5 mL.
Conclusions
PI-RADSv2 correctly identified 94–95 % of PCa foci ≥0.5 mL, but was limited for the assessment of GS ≥4+3 tumours ≤0.5 mL. DCE-MRI offered limited added value to T2WI+DW-MRI.
Key points
• PI-RADSv2 correctly identified 95 % of PCa foci ≥0.5 mL
• PI-RADSv2 was limited for the assessment of GS ≥4+3 tumours ≤0.5 mL
• DCE-MRI offered limited added value to T2WI+DW-MRI
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Abbreviations
- DCE-MRI:
-
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI
- DW-MRI:
-
Diffusion-weighted MRI
- GS:
-
Gleason Score
- mp-MRI:
-
Multiparametric prostate MRI
- MRI:
-
Magnetic resonance imaging
- PCa:
-
Prostate cancer
- PI-RADS:
-
Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System
- PZ:
-
Peripheral zone
- T2WI:
-
T2-weighted images
- TZ:
-
Transition zone
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Mrs. Ada Muellner, MS, for her editorial assistance. The scientific guarantor of this publication is Hebert Alberto Vargas. The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.
This project was supported in part by NIH grant P30 CA008748. Two of the authors (DAG, CSM) have significant statistical expertise. Institutional Review Board approval was obtained. Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board. Some study subjects or cohorts have been previously reported in [7]. Wibmer A et al. Haralick texture analysis of prostate MRI: utility for differentiating non-cancerous prostate from prostate cancer and differentiating prostate cancers with different Gleason scores. Eur Radiol. 2015 May 21. [Epub ahead of print]. Methodology: retrospective, cross-sectional study, performed at one institution.
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H. A. Vargas and A. M. Hötker contributed equally to this work.
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Vargas, H.A., Hötker, A.M., Goldman, D.A. et al. Updated prostate imaging reporting and data system (PIRADS v2) recommendations for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer using multiparametric MRI: critical evaluation using whole-mount pathology as standard of reference. Eur Radiol 26, 1606–1612 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-015-4015-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-015-4015-6