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The gallbladder: uncommon gallbladder conditions and unusual presentations of the common gallbladder pathological processes

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Abstract

This article reviews a spectrum of gallbladder conditions that are either uncommon or represent unusual manifestations of common diseases. These conditions are divided into four major categories: (a) congenital anomalies and normal variants including duplication, ectopia, and lymphangioma; (b) inflammatory processes and stone-related diseases and complications including adenomyomatosis, emphysematous cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, gangrenous and hemorrhagic cholecystitis, perforation, gallstone ileus, and Bouveret and Mirizzi syndromes; (c) gallbladder neoplasms including adenocarcinoma with associated porcelain gallbladder, squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoma, melanoma, and neurofibroma. A thorough understanding of the imaging characteristics of each condition can help the radiologist to make a timely and accurate diagnosis, thus avoiding potentially harmful delays in patient management and decreasing morbidity and mortality rates.

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Acknowledgments

We extend special thanks to Denise Hersey, Clinical Support Librarian, for her tremendous help with this project.

Disclosures

Margarita Revzin, Leslie Scoutt, Gary Israel, Edward Smitaman have no any relevant financial interests, arrangements, or affiliations with a commercial interest.

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  1. Department of Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, 20 York St, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA

    Margarita V. Revzin, Leslie Scoutt, Edward Smitaman & Gary M. Israel

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  1. Margarita V. Revzin
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Correspondence to Margarita V. Revzin.

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Revzin, M.V., Scoutt, L., Smitaman, E. et al. The gallbladder: uncommon gallbladder conditions and unusual presentations of the common gallbladder pathological processes. Abdom Imaging 40, 385–399 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-014-0203-0

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