Abstract
Purpose
Our main objective was to estimate and compare the prevalence of the most common mental disorders between Latin American-born and Spanish-born patients in Madrid, Spain. We also analyzed sociodemographic factors associated with these disorders and the role of the length of residency for Latin American-born patients.
Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study to compare Latin American-born (n = 691) and Spanish-born outpatients (n = 903) from 15 primary health care centers in Madrid, Spain. The Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders was used to diagnose common mental disorders. Sociodemographic, psychosocial, and migration data were collected.
Results
We detected common mental disorders in 49.9 % (95 % CI = 47.4–52.3 %) of the total sample. Values were higher in Latin American-born patients than in Spanish-born patients for any disorder (57.8 % vs. 43.9 %, p < 0.001), mood disorders (40.1 % vs. 34.8 %, p = 0.030), anxiety disorders (20.5 % vs. 15.3 %, p = 0.006), and somatoform disorders (18.1 % vs. 6.6 %, p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in prevalence between Latin American-born patients with less than 5 years of residency and Latin American-born residents with 5 or more years of residency. Finally, multivariate analysis shows that gender, having/not having children, monthly income, geographic origin, and social support were significantly associated with several disorders.
Limitations
The sample was neither population-based nor representative of the general immigrant or autochthonous populations.
Conclusions
The study provides further evidence of the high prevalence of common mental disorders in Latin American-born patients in Spain compared with Spanish-born patients.
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Acknowledgments
We thank the Health and Immigration Group, who collaborated in the study.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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On behalf of the Health and Immigration Group.
Members of the Health and Immigration Group is given in "Appendix".
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Appendix
Appendix
Health and Immigration Group
L del Otero-Sanz, C Martín-Madrazo, R Sanz-Bucero, F Salvador-Silva, JC Abánades-Herranz, E Carrillo-de Santa Pau, E Irazabal-Martín, E Aguiló-Pastrana, M Medina-Fernández, MI Granados-Menéndez, E Bermúdez, C Pedraza-Moreno, M Jordán-Martín, B Ayuso-de la Torre, B Fernández-Herrero, I Amorox, C Antelo-Brioso, MJ García-Gil, M García-Santiago, R Bajo-Viña, R Gallego, H Valdivia-Altamirano.
Role of funding source
Funding for this study was provided by the Carlos III Institute of Health, which is part of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (PI06/1407). The Carlos III Institute of Health had no further role in the study design, in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, in the writing of the report, or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.
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Salinero-Fort, M.A., Jiménez-García, R., de Burgos-Lunar, C. et al. Common mental disorders in primary health care: differences between Latin American-born and Spanish-born residents in Madrid, Spain. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 50, 429–443 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-014-0962-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-014-0962-5