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Vorschläge zur Förderung der körperlichen Aktivität von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland

Ein Expertenkonsens

Recommendations for promotion of physical activity of children and adolescents in Germany

An expert consensus

  • Konsensuspapiere
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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Der Erhalt bzw. die Steigerung von körperlicher Aktivität sowie die Reduktion von sitzenden Tätigkeiten stellen zentrale Elemente in der Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention lebensstilbedingter Erkrankungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter dar. Wie viel allerdings für wen und unter welchen Lebensumständen notwendig ist, wird bislang (noch) diskutiert.

Vorschläge zur Förderung der körperlichen Aktivität

Auf der Basis von Expertenempfehlungen wird international überwiegend eine Bewegungszeit von mindestens 60 min pro Tag vorgeschlagen. Alters- und geschlechtsspezifische Besonderheiten sowie regionale Unterschiede bleiben dabei weitestgehend unberücksichtigt. Unter Beachtung nationaler Daten, aber auch besonderer Gruppen, z. B. Kinder aus bildungsfernen Familien bzw. mit Migrationshintergrund, wurden in einem Expertenkonsens Vorschläge für Deutschland zur Förderung der körperlichen Aktivität im Kindes- und Jugendalter erarbeitet. Im Kern sehen sie eine tägliche Bewegungszeit von 90 min bzw. mindestens 12.000 Schritten im Alltag vor. Darüber hinaus wurden zusätzliche Lebensstilfaktoren, v. a. die Begrenzung des Medienkonsums, integriert. Die Empfehlungen dienen hauptsächlich der Orientierung von Eltern und Betreuungspersonen sowie von Institutionen, wie Schulen, Kindertageseinrichtungen bis hin zu Kommunen und Stakeholdern.

Abstract

Background

An increase in physical activity and a reduction of sedentary behavior play important roles in health promotion and prevention of life style-related diseases in children and adolescents. However, the question of how much physical activity is useful for which target group is still a matter of debate.

Recommendations for promotion of physical activity

International guidelines based on expert opinions recommend at least 60 min of physical activity every day. Age-specific and sex-specific features and regional differences are not taken into account. Expert consensus recommendations were developed to promote physical activity of children and adolescents in Germany with special respect to national data and also aspects of specific target groups, e.g. children with lower socioeconomic status or with a migration background. The recommendations propose 90 min of physical activity or at least 12,000 steps daily. Additionally lifestyle factors, especially a limitation of media consumption were integrated. The recommendations provide orientation for parents and caregivers as well as institutions, such as schools and kindergartens through to communities and stakeholders.

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Danksagung

Erstellt wurden die Empfehlungen im Rahmen des Präventionskongresses NRW (Nordrhein-Westfalen) März 2012, gefördert vom Ministerium für Familie, Kinder, Jugend, Kultur und Sport des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (vertreten durch Werner Stürmann, Giesbert Aluttis) sowie des Landessportbundes NRW (vertreten durch Angela Buchwald-Röser, Dr. Michael Matlik), des Landeszentrums Gesundheit, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Fachgruppe Gesundheitsmanagement (vormals vertreten durch Gunnar Geuter), der Deutschen Sportjugend (vertreten durch Martin Schönwandt), der Bundesanstalt für Lebensmittel und Ernährung (vertreten durch Dr. Stefanie Eiser) und des Ministeriums für Schule und Weiterbildung sowie IMAG NRW IN FORM (vertreten durch Dr. Gerwin-Lutz Reinink). Unser Dank gilt darüber hinaus Alexa Iwan und Anne Noack in der Erstellung des Manuskripts.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung Bewegungs- und Gesundheitsförderung, Institut für Bewegungs- und Neurowissenschaft, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Deutschland

    C. Graf, S. Eiser, N. Ferrari, B. Koch, K. Manz & E. Quilling

  2. Präventions-AG, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter (AGA), Berlin, Deutschland

    C. Graf & S. Eiser

  3. Bereich Medizin, Training und Gesundheit, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland

    R. Beneke

  4. Gesellschaft für pädiatrische Sportmedizin, Salzburg, Österreich

    R. Beneke

  5. Institut für Kreislaufforschung und Sportmedizin, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Köln, Deutschland

    W. Bloch

  6. Wissenschaftsrat, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sportmedizin und Prävention, Köln, Deutschland

    W. Bloch

  7. WHO Collaborating Centre for Child and Adolescent Health Promotion, Fakultät für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Deutschland

    J. Bucksch

  8. Institut für Schulsport- und Schulentwicklung, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Köln, Deutschland

    S. Dordel & G. Stibbe

  9. Kölner Zentrum für Prävention im Kindes- und Jugendalter, Herzzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Köln, Deutschland

    N. Ferrari

  10. ZABS - Zentrum für Adipositasschulung Bremen-Stadt, Bremen, Deutschland

    B. Koch

  11. Robert Koch-Institut Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland

    S. Krug & K. Manz

  12. Klinik für Kinderkardiologie – Angeborene Herzfehler, Herzzentrum Duisburg, Duisburg, Deutschland

    W. Lawrenz

  13. Ständige Kommission Kinder- und Jugendsport, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sportmedizin und Prävention, Frankfurt/Main, Deutschland

    W. Lawrenz

  14. Willibald-Gebhardt-Institut e.V. Essen, Universität Essen-Duisburg, Essen, Deutschland

    R. Naul

  15. Präventive Pädiatrie, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland

    R. Oberhoffer

  16. Sportmedizin/-biologie, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Deutschland

    H. Schulz

  17. Betriebseinheit Sportwissenschaft und Allgemeiner Hochschulsport, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Deutschland

    T. Stemper

  18. Institut für europäische Sportentwicklung und Freizeitforschung, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Köln, Deutschland

    W. Tokarski

  19. Institut für Sportmedizin, Universitätskliniken Münster, Münster, Deutschland

    K. Völker

  20. Sportwissenschaft, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Karlsruhe, Deutschland

    A. Woll

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  1. C. Graf
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  2. R. Beneke
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  3. W. Bloch
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  5. S. Dordel
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  8. B. Koch
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  9. S. Krug
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  12. R. Naul
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  14. E. Quilling
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  15. H. Schulz
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  16. T. Stemper
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  17. G. Stibbe
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  18. W. Tokarski
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  19. K. Völker
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  20. A. Woll
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Correspondence to C. Graf.

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Graf, C., Beneke, R., Bloch, W. et al. Vorschläge zur Förderung der körperlichen Aktivität von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 161, 439–446 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-012-2863-6

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