Skip to main content
Log in

Kolorektale Tumorchirurgie beim Hochbetagten

Ergebnisse der Qualitätssicherung

Colorectal tumor surgery in the elderly

Results of quality assurance

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Chirurg Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Die Altersgruppe ≥ 80 Jahre gewinnt in der kolorektalen Tumorchirurgie aufgrund der demographischen Entwicklung zunehmend an Bedeutung. Zur Beurteilung des Patientenrisikos, der frühpostoperativen Ergebnisqualität und der onkologischen Langzeitresultate wurden in zwei Untersuchungszeiträumen (2000–2004 und 2009–2011) 64.740 Patienten mit einem kolorektalen Karzinom in mehreren fächendeckenden, multizentrischen Beobachtungsstudien erfasst und altersgruppenbezogen (< 65; 65−79; ≥ 80 Jahre) ausgewertet. Der Anteil der Hochbetagten und damit das Patientenrisiko erhöhten sich im Zeitraum 2009–2011. Bei 70 % der Patienten ≥ 80 Jahre erfolgte eine präoperative Risikoklassifizierung in ASA-III- und -IV-Stadien. Festzustellen waren hohe, altersunabhängige Resektionsraten bei Kolonkarzinomen, während bei den Rektumkarzinomen die Resektionsrate bei den ≥ 80-Jährigen signifikant niedriger lag. In der Altersgruppe ≥ 80 Jahre fand sich bei den Patienten mit einem Kolonkarzinom eine hohe Rate an Notfalloperationen wegen eines Ileus bei Tumorobstruktion verbunden mit einer Hospitalletalität in beiden untersuchten Zeiträumen von 18,8 bzw. 17,9 %. Bei den ≥ 80-Jährigen mit einem Kolonkarzinom fanden sich mehr lokal fortgeschrittene Tumoren (T3/T4), aber weniger fernmetastasierte Karzinome. Hinsichtlich der alterskorrigierten tumorfreien 5-Jahres-Überlebensrate unterschieden sich die Hochbetagten mit Kolonkarzinom (UICC I–III) nicht von den jüngeren Patientengruppen.

Abstract

The age group ≥ 80 years has become of great importance in the surgical treatment of colorectal cancer due to the demographic changes over the years. To assess patient risk, early postoperative and oncologic long-term outcome 64,740 patients with colorectal cancer were enrolled in various nationwide multicenter observational studies through two study periods (2000–2004 and 2009–2011) and analyzed according to various age groups, in particular ≥ 80 years. The percentage of octogenarians increased from 2009 to 2011, which was associated with an increased patient risk. In 70  % of patients ≥ 80 years old the operative risk was preoperatively classified as ASA stages III and IV. There was a high age-independent resection rate of colon cancer; however, the rectal cancer resection rate in octogenarians was significantly lower. In the age group ≥ 80 years there was a relatively high rate of emergency surgical interventions because of an ileus due to tumor-induced lumen obstruction leading to a hospital mortality rate in both study periods of 18.8 % and 17.9 %, respectively. In the octogenarians there were more locally advanced colon cancer lesions of stage T3/4 but less tumor lesions with distant metastases. The age-corrected tumor-free 5-year survival rate of the octogenarians with colon cancer of tumor stage UICC I–III was identical to that of younger patients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Abb. 1
Abb. 2
Abb. 3

Literatur

  1. Marusch F, Koch A et al (2005) The impact of the risk factor ‚‚age’‘ on the early postoperative results of surgery for colorectal carcinoma and its significance for perioperative management. World J Surg 29:1013–1022

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Colorectal Cancer Collaborative Group (2000) Surgery for colorectal cancer in elderly patients: a systematic review. Colorectal Cancer Collaborative Group. Lancet 356:968–974

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Parker SI, Tong T, Bolden S et al (1997) Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 47:5–27

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Benedix F, Kube R, Ptok H et al (2010) Comparision of 17 641 patients with right- and left-sided colon cancer: differences in epidemiology, perioperative course, histology and survival. Dis Colon Rectum 53:57–64

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Arai T, Takubo K, Sawabe M et al (2000) Pathologic characteristics of colorectal cancer in the elderly: a retrospective study of 947 surgical cases. J Clin Gastroenterol 31:67–72

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Zhang B, Fattah A, Nakama H et al (2000) Characteristics and survival rate of elderly patients with colorectal cancer detected by immunochemical occult blood screening. Hepatogastroenterology 47:414–418

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Gastinger I, Marusch F, Koch A et al (2004) Die Hartmann-Operation – Wann ist sie beim kolorektalen Karzinom noch indiziert? Chirurg 75:1191–1196

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Kube R, Mroczkowski P, Granowski D et al (2010) Anastomotic leakage after colon cancer surgery: a predictor of significant morbidity and hospital mortality, and diminished tumour free survival. Eur J Surg Oncol 36:120–124

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Kube R, Gastinger I, Mroczkowski P et al (2011) Chirurgische Qualitätssicherung am Beispiel des Kolonkarzinoms. Dtsch Arztebl 108:41–46

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ptok H, Kube R, Schmidt U et al (2009) Conversion from laparoscopic to open colonic cancer resection – Associated factors and their influence on long-term oncological outcome. Eur J Surg Oncol 35:1273–1279

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. She WH, Poon JT, Fan JK et al (2013) Outcome of laparoscopic colectomy for cancer in elderly patients. Surg Endosc 27:308–312

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Frasson M, Braga M, Vignali A et al (2008) Benefits of laparoscopic colorectal resection are more pronounced in elderly patients. Dis Colon Rectum 51:296–300

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Akiyoshi T, Kuroyanagi H, Oya M et al (2009) Short-term outcomes of laparoscopic rectal surgery for primary rectal cancer in elderly patients: is it safe and beneficial? J Gastrointest Surg 13(9):1614–1618

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Kube R, Mroczkowski P, Steinert R et al (2009) Risikofaktoren für die Entstehung von Anastomoseninsuffizienzen nach Kolonkarzinom-Resektionen. Eine multiple Analyse von 844 Patienten mit postoperativer Nahtinsuffizienz. Chirurg 80:1153–1159

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Isbister WH (1997) Colorectal surgery in the elderly: an audit of surgery in octogenarians. Aust N Z J Surg 67:557–561

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Lindmark G, Pahlman L, Enblad P et al (1988) Surgery for colorectal cancer in elderly patients. Acta Chir Scand 154:659–663

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Zhang Y, Shi J, Shi B et al (2012) Self-expanding metallic stent as a bridge to surgery versus emergency surgery for obstructive colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Surg Endosc 26:110–119

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Avital S, Kashtan H, Hadad R et al (1997) Survival of colorectal carcinoma in the elderly. A prospective study of colorectal carcinoma and a five year follow-up. Dis Colon Rectum 40:523–529

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Prig La calle J, Quayle J, Thaler HI et al (2000) Favorable short-term and long-term outcome after elective radical rectal cancer resection in patients 75 years of age or older. Dis Colon Rectum 43:1704–1709

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Agarwal N, Leighton L, Mandile MA et al (1990) Outcomes of surgery for colorectal cancer in patients aged 80 years and older. Am J Gastroenterol 85:1096–1101

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor gibt für sich und seine Koautoren an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Consortia

Corresponding author

Correspondence to I. Gastinger.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ptok, H., Gastinger, I., Meyer, F. et al. Kolorektale Tumorchirurgie beim Hochbetagten. Chirurg 84, 296–304 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-012-2453-0

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-012-2453-0

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation