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Präoperative Koloskopie vor Magenhochzug

Ist sie eine notwendige Untersuchung vor Ösophagektomie und Rekonstruktion durch Mageninterponat?

Preoperative colonoscopy before esophagectomy and reconstruction with gastric interposition

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Zusammenfassung

Einleitung

Die operative Standardtherapie des Ösophaguskarzinoms ist die Ösophagektomie und Rekonstruktion durch Magenhochzug. Im Rahmen der präoperativen Abklärung wird zum Ausschluss von pathologischen Befunden des Kolons endoskopiert, falls ein intraoperatives Umsteigen von Magen- zur Koloninterposition notwendig wird.

Patienten und Methodik

Bei 228 Patienten erfolgte die Ösophagektomie wegen eines Ösophaguskarzinoms. 219 Patienten erhielten eine Mageninterposition, während 9 Patienten primär durch ein Koloninterponat rekonstruiert wurden. 171 von 228 (75%) Patienten wurden präoperativ koloskopiert.

Ergebnisse

Bei keinem der Patienten mit geplantem Magenhochzug war ein intraoperatives Umsteigen auf eine Koloninterposition notwendig. Insgesamt wurden koloskopisch 2 pT1-Adenokarzinome entfernt und 62 Adenome abgetragen. Eine asymptomatische Divertikulose fand sich bei 53 Patienten (31%). Untersuchungsbedingte Komplikationen nach Koloskopie wurden nicht beobachtet.

Schlussfolgerung

Die präoperative Koloskopie vor geplantem Magenhochzug ist aus operationstechnischen Gründen nicht zwingend erforderlich, da ein intraoperatives Umsteigen auf eine Koloninterposition sehr selten notwendig ist. Die Rate von Adenomen oder Karzinomen des Kolons ist weder bei Patienten mit Adeno- noch mit Plattenepithelkarzinom des Ösophagus höher als in einem gleichaltrigem Normalkollektiv.

Abstract

Introduction

The standard treatment of esophageal carcinoma is esophagectomy and reconstruction with gastric interposition. In many centers, preoperative colonoscopy is routinely performed in order to exclude any significant colonic pathology. This is important in case of the intraoperative necessity to use a colon interposition due to gastric pathology, anatomical variation, or injury of gastric vascularization.

Patients and Methods

Two hundred twenty-eight consecutive patients with esophageal carcinoma (adenocarcinoma 102, squamous cell carcinoma 126) who underwent esophagectomy were included in this study. Of them, 171 (75%) had preoperative colonoscopy. Reconstruction was done by gastric tube in 219 and colon interposition in nine.

Results

Intraoperative conversion to colon interposition was necessary in none of the 219 patients with intended reconstruction by a gastric conduit. In two of 171 patients (1.2%), preoperative colonoscopy revealed pT1 adenocarcinomas of the colon which were completely removed by endoscopy, and a total of 62 adenomas were histopathologically diagnosed. Fifty-three patients (31%) had endoscopic evidence of asymptomatic diverticulosis. No complications were observed after colonoscopy.

Conclusion

Preoperative colonoscopy prior to esophagectomy and intended gastric tube formation appears unnecessary from the surgical point of view, as intraoperative conversion to a colon interposition is rare. The rate of colon adenomas or carcinomas was not increased in patients with adeno- or squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus than in an age-matched, normal population.

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Leers, J.M., Schröder, W., Vivaldi, C. et al. Präoperative Koloskopie vor Magenhochzug. Chirurg 75, 1210–1214 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-004-0839-3

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