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Sequenzielle Traumatisierungen, Traumafolgestörungen und psychotherapeutische Behandlungsansätze bei kriegstraumatisierten erwachsenen Flüchtlingen in Deutschland

Sequential traumatization, trauma-related disorders and psychotherapeutic approaches in war-traumatized adult refugees and asylum seekers in Germany

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Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Die Auswirkungen von Krieg und Gewalt auf die körperliche und psychische Gesundheit der Zivilbevölkerung sind weitreichend. Die oft kumulativ erlebten Traumatisierungen führen zu einem erhöhten Risiko bzgl. der Entwicklung einer Traumafolgestörung (v. a. posttraumatische Belastungsstörung [PTBS], Depression, chronische Schmerzen).

Bei kriegstraumatisierten Flüchtlingen stellen spezifische aufenthaltsrechtliche Stressoren (u. a. Anhörung, Dauer des Asylverfahrens) und damit verbunden der eingeschränkte Zugang zu gesundheitlichen Versorgungsstrukturen zusätzliche Risikofaktoren für die Entwicklung somatischer und psychischer Erkrankungen dar.

Eine adäquate Behandlung dieser besonders vulnerablen Gruppe erfordert ein multimodales und dolmetschergestütztes Vorgehen. Eine den S3-Richtlinien gerechte, traumaadaptierte psychotherapeutische Behandlung muss darüber hinaus durch sozialarbeiterische Tätigkeiten, medizinische Versorgung und aufenthaltsrechtliche Beratung erweitert werden.

Abstract

The impact of war and violence on the mental and physical health of the civilian population is immense. Traumatization is often experienced sequentially, which leads to a higher risk for developing trauma-related disorders (PTSD, depression, chronic pain).

Refugees traumatized by war experience specific stressors related to their status of residence (e. g., application hearing, length of the asylum procedure). Together with limited access to health care, these constitute additional risk factors for developing somatic and psychological illnesses.

Adequate treatment for this highly vulnerable group requires a multimodal approach facilitated by translators. According to the S3 guidelines (S3-Richtlinien), trauma-adapted psychotherapeutic treatment has to be complemented by the activities of social workers, by medical treatment, and by legal advice.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195, Berlin, Deutschland

    Maria Böttche, Carina Heeke & Christine Knaevelsrud

  2. Behandlungszentrum für Folteropfer e. V., Berlin, Deutschland

    Maria Böttche & Carina Heeke

Authors
  1. Maria Böttche
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  2. Carina Heeke
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  3. Christine Knaevelsrud
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Correspondence to Maria Böttche.

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M. Böttche, C. Heeke und C. Knaevelsrud geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Böttche, M., Heeke, C. & Knaevelsrud, C. Sequenzielle Traumatisierungen, Traumafolgestörungen und psychotherapeutische Behandlungsansätze bei kriegstraumatisierten erwachsenen Flüchtlingen in Deutschland. Bundesgesundheitsbl 59, 621–626 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-016-2337-4

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