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Individualisierte Prävention des Typ-2-Diabetes

Individualized prevention of type 2 diabetes

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Die globale Diabetesprävalenz liegt heute bei 246 Millionen Menschen. Hochrechnungen für das Jahr 2025 sagen 380 Millionen Diabetiker voraus. In Deutschland haben 7 bis 8% der Bevölkerung einen Diabetes. Allerdings geht man von einer hohen Dunkelziffer an unerkanntem Diabetes aus. Die tatsächliche Zahl dürfte in Deutschland bei 7 bis 8 Millionen Diabetikern liegen, was bedeutet, dass etwa jeder 10. Bundesbürger betroffen ist. In den vergangenen Jahren haben mehrere Studien gezeigt, dass eine Prävention des Typ-2-Diabetes möglich ist. Vor allem eine Lebensstilintervention erbrachte diesbezüglich die besten Erfolge. Es gibt sowohl Menschen, die gut auf eine Lebensstilintervention ansprechen, als auch Personen, die hiervon nur wenig profitieren. Die erste Gruppe kann man als „Responder“, letztere als „Non-Responder“ bezeichnen. Mittlerweile gibt es sowohl genetische als auch phänotypische Merkmale, die den Erfolg einer Lebensstilintervention vorhersagen. Somit wird eine individualisierte Prävention des Typ-2-Diabetes möglich.

Abstract

The global estimated prevalence of diabetes today is 246 million people. By 2025, the figure is expected to rise to 380 million. In Germany about 7 to 8% of the population is diagnosed with diabetes. However, there are a large proportion of people with unknown diabetes and the total number of subjects with diabetes is estimated at 7 to 8 million, indicating that every tenth individual is affected by the disease. Several recent studies unanimously revealed that it is possible to prevent type 2 diabetes. Particularly lifestyle intervention showed promising results. However, there is large variability in the effect of the intervention, and people with a good response (responders) and with a low response (non-responders) can be identified. Meanwhile, several genetic and phenotypic markers have been identified, which can help predict the success of the lifestyle intervention, allowing for a more effective individualized prevention of type 2 diabetes.

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Danksagung

PD Dr. med. Norbert Stefan wird durch ein Heisenberg-Stipendium der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (STE 1096/1-1) unterstützt.

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Stefan, N., Fritsche, A. & Häring, HU. Individualisierte Prävention des Typ-2-Diabetes. Bundesgesundheitsbl. 52, 677–682 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-009-0868-7

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