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Effect of the coffee ingredient cafestol on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines

Wirkung des Kaffeebestandteils Cafestol auf Kopf-Hals-Tumorzelllinien

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Abstract

Background and purpose

Cafestol is a diterpene molecule found in coffee beans and has anticarcinogenic properties. The aim of the study was to examine the effects of cafestol in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells.

Materials and methods

Three HNSCC cell lines (SCC25, CAL27 and FaDu) were treated with increasing doses of cafestol. Then combination experiments with cisplatin and irradiation were carried out. Drug interactions and possible synergy were calculated using the combination index analysis. Clonogenic assays were performed after irradiation with 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy, respectively, and the rate of apoptosis was measured with flow cytometry.

Results

Treatment of HNSCC cells with cafestol leads to a dose-dependent reduction of cell viability and to induction of apoptosis. Combination with irradiation shows a reduction of clonogenic survival compared to each treatment method alone. In two of the cell lines a significant additive effect was observed.

Conclusion

Cafestol is a naturally occurring effective compound with growth-inhibiting properties in head and neck cancer cells. Moreover, it leads to a significant inhibition of colony formation.

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund und Ziel

Cafestol ist ein Diterpen, das in der Kaffeebohne vorkommt und antikanzerogene Eigenschaften besitzt. Ziel der Studie war, die Wirkung von Cafestol auf Kopf-Hals-Tumorzelllinien zu untersuchen.

Material und Methodik

Drei Kopf-Hals-Tumorzelllinien (SCC25, CAL27 und FaDu) wurden mit steigenden Cafestol-Dosen behandelt. Anschließend fanden Kombinationsexperimente mit Cisplatin und Bestrahlung statt. Die Wechselwirkung zwischen den Substanzen und mögliche synergistische Wirkungen wurden mit dem Combination-Index analysiert. Koloniebildungstests wurden nach Bestrahlung mit 2, 4, 6 und 8 Gy durchgeführt. Apoptose wurde mittels Durchflusszytometrie gemessen.

Ergebnisse

Die Behandlung der Kopf-Hals-Tumorzelllinien mit Cafestol führt zu einer dosisabhängigen Abnahme des Zellüberlebens und zur Induktion von Apoptose. Die Kombination von Cafestol mit Bestrahlung zeigt eine geringere Koloniebildung verglichen mit den einzelnen Behandlungsmethoden. In 2 Zelllinien konnten wir einen signifikanten additiven Effekt nachweisen.

Schlussfolgerung

Cafestol ist ein natürlich vorkommender, effektiver und vielversprechender Wirkstoff mit wachstumshemmenden Eigenschaften in Kopf-Hals-Tumorzelllinien. Zudem führt er zu einer signifikanten Inhibition der Koloniebildung.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Ulana Kotowski MD, Gregor Heiduschka MD, Julia Eckl-Dorna MD, PhD, Veronika Kranebitter, Isabella Stanisz MD, Markus Brunner MD, Claudia Lill MD & Dietmar Thurnher MD

  2. Departement of Cranio-, Maxillofacial- and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    Rudolf Seemann MD, DMD, MSc, MBA

  3. Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    Rainer Schmid MD

Authors
  1. Ulana Kotowski MD
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  2. Gregor Heiduschka MD
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  3. Rudolf Seemann MD, DMD, MSc, MBA
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  4. Julia Eckl-Dorna MD, PhD
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  5. Rainer Schmid MD
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  6. Veronika Kranebitter
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  7. Isabella Stanisz MD
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  8. Markus Brunner MD
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  9. Claudia Lill MD
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  10. Dietmar Thurnher MD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gregor Heiduschka MD.

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Conflict of interest

U. Kotowski, G. Heiduschka, R. Seemann, J. Eckl-Dorna, R. Schmid, V. Kranebitter, I. Stanisz, M. Brunner, C. Lilland D. Thurnher state that there are no conflicts of interest.

The accompanying manuscript does not include studies on humans or animals.

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Kotowski, U., Heiduschka, G., Seemann, R. et al. Effect of the coffee ingredient cafestol on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Strahlenther Onkol 191, 511–517 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-014-0807-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-014-0807-x

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