References
Brachman PS: Nosocomial infection control: an overview. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 1981, 3: 640–648.
Haley RW, Culver DH, White JW, Morgan WM, Emori TG: The nationwide nosocomial infection rate: a new need for vital statistics. American Journal of Epidemiology 1985, 121: 159–167.
Šrámová, Bartoňová A, Bolek S, Krečmerová M, Šubertová V: National prevalence survey of hospital-acquired infections in Czechoslovakia. Journal of Hospital Infection 1988, 11: 328–334.
French GL, Cheng AFB, Wong SL, Donnan S: Repeated prevalence surveys for monitoring effectiveness of hospital infection control. Lancet 1989, ii: 1021–1023.
French GL, Cheng A, Farrington M: Prevalence survey of infection in a Hong Kong hospital using a standard protocol and microcomputer data analysis. Journal of Hospital Infection 1987, 9: 132–142.
Jepsen OB, Mortensen N: Prevalence of nosocomial infection and infection control in Denmark. Journal of Hospital Infection 1980, 1: 237–244.
Moro ML, Stazi MA, Marasca G, Greco D, Zampieri A: National prevalence survey of hospital-acquired infections in Italy, 1983. Journal of Hospital Infection 1986, 8: 72–85.
Meers PD, Ayliffe GAJ, Emmerson AM, Leigh DA, Mayon-White RT, Mackintosh CA, Stronge JL: Report on the national survey of infection in hospitals, 1980. Journal of Hospital Infection 1981, 2, Supplement: 1–51.
Mertens R, Kegels G, Stroobant A, Reybrouck G, Lamotte JM, Potvliege C, Van Casteren V, Lauwers S, Verschraegen G, Wauters G, Minne A, Thiers G: The national prevalence survey of nosocomial infections in Belgium, 1984. Journal of Hospital Infection 1987, 9: 219–229.
Bernander S, Hambraeus A, Myrbäck K-E, Nyström B, Sundelöf B: Prevalence of hospital-associated infections in five Swedish hospitals in November 1975. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 1978, 10: 66–70.
Daschner F: Economic aspects of hospital infections. Journal of Hospital Infection 1982, 3: 1–4.
McGowan JE: Antibiotic resistance in hospital bacteria: current patterns, modes for appearance or spread, and economic impact. Reviews in Medical Microbiology 1991, 2: 161–169.
Haley RW: Surveillance by objective: a new priority-directed approach to the control of nosocomial infections. American Journal of Infection Control 1985, 13: 78–89.
Daschner F: Cost-effectiveness in hospital infection control — lessons for the 1990s. Journal of Hospital Infection 1989, 13: 325–336.
Haley RW, Culver DH, White JW, Morgan WM, Emori TG, Munn VP, Hooton TM: The efficacy of infection surveillance and control programs in preventing nosocomial infections in US hospitals. American Journal of Epidemiology 1985, 121: 182–205.
Freeman J, McGowan JE: Methodologic issues in hospital epidemiology. I. Rates, case-finding, and interpretation. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 1981, 3: 658–667.
French GL, Cheng AFB: Measurement of the costs of hospital infection by prevalence surveys. Journal of Hospital Infection 1991, 18, Supplement A: 65–72.
Freeman J, McGowan JE: Methodologic issues in hospital epidemiology. III. Investigating the modifying effects of time and severity of underlying illness on estimates of cost of nosocomial infection. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 1984, 6: 285–300.
HcLaws M-L, Irwig LM, Mock P, Berry G, Gold J: Predictors of surgical wound infection in Australia: a national study. Medical Journal of Australia 1988, 149: 591–595.
Donowitz LG, Wenzel RP, Hoyt JW: High risk of hospital-acquired infection in the ICU patient. Critical Care Medicine 1982, 10: 355–357.
Wenzel RP, Thompson RL, Landry SM, Russell BS, Miller PJ, Ponce de Leon S, Miller GB: Hospital-acquired infections in intensive care unit patients: an overview with emphasis on epidemics. Infection Control 1983, 4: 371–375.
Pranatharthi H, Chandrasekar MD, Kruse JA, Mathews MF: Nosocomial infection among patients in different types of intensive care units at a city hospital. Critical Care Medicine 1986, 14: 508–510.
Jarvis WR, Edwards JR, Culver DH, Hughes JM, Horan T, Emori TG, Banerjee S, Tolson J, Henderson T, Gaynes RP, Martone WJ: Nosocomial infection rates in adult and pediatric intensive care units in the United States. American Journal of Medicine 1991, 91, Supplement 3B: 185–191.
Daschner FD, Frey P, Wolff G, Baumann PC, Suter P: Nosocomial infections in intensive care wards: a multicenter prospective study. Intensive Care Medicine 1982, 8: 5–9.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
The attention of readers is drawn to the single-day prevalence study to be conducted in 17 centres in Europe on 29 April 1992. For more information refer to the announcements section at the end of the journal.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Spencer, R.C. Prevalence studies in nosocomial infections. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 11, 95–98 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01967059
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01967059