Abstract
Magnesium plasma concentrations were measured in healthy probands before and after administration of trimagnesium dicitrate by the oral and intravenous routes. There was a notable circadian fluctuation of the plasma concentration with a peak in the evening hours. After oral administration of 12 and 24 mmol magnesium, a long-lasting, statistically significant increase in plasma magnesium concentration measured as the increase in area under the curve (AUC) between 0 and 12 h, of 3.1% and 4.6%, respectively, was found. After intravenous administration of 4 and 8 mmol magnesium, AUCs increased by 9.5% and 16.1%, respectively. The decline in the plasma magnesium concentration after i.v. administration was compatible with a three-compartment model with a terminal half-time of about 8 h. Although no absolute value of the oral bioavailability of trimagnesium dicitrate could be determined from the data, our results may be important in helping to elucidate the influence of magnesium preparations on the plasma magnesium concentration. By comparing the effects of different preparations, it should be possible to estimate the relative oral bioavailability and the bioequivalence of these preparations.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aikawa JK (1981) Magnesium. Its biologic significance. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
Altura BT, Wilimzig C, Trnovec T, Nyalassy S, Altura BM (1995) Comparative effects of a Mg-enriched diet and different orally administered magnesium oxide preparations on ionized Mg, Mg metabolism and electrolytes in plasma of human volunteers. J Am Coll Nutr (in press).
Antoni DH, Engel M, Gumpel N (1989) Die Therapie von supraventrikulären und ventrikulären Herzrhythmusstörungen mit Magnesium. Mag Bull 11:125–129.
Blume H, Mutschler E (1991) Bioäquivalenz-Qualitätsbewertung wirkstoffgleicher Fertigarzneimittel, part 1/I. GOVI Press, Frankfurt.
Chipperfield B, Chipperfield JR (1977) Magnesium and the heart. Am Heart J 93:679–682.
Danielson BG, Johansson G, Jung B, Ljunghall S, Lundquist H, Malmborg P (1979) Gastrointestinal magnesium absorption. Miner Electrolyte Metab 2:116–123.
Dichtl A, Vierling W (1991) Inhibition by magnesium of calcium inward current in heart ventricular muscle. Eur J Pharmacol 204:243–248.
Douglas WW, Rubin RP (1963) The mechanism of catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla and the role of calcium in stimulus-secretion coupling. J Physiol 167:288–310.
Ebel H, Günther T (1980) Magnesium metabolism: a review. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 18:257–270.
Ebel H, Classen H-G, Marquardt P, Späth M (1975) Zur Pharmakologie und Pharmakokinetik von Magnesium. Münch Med Wschr 117:1243–1248.
Fehlinger R, Franke L, Glatzel E, Meyer E, Michalik M, Rapaport SM, Rüstow M, Schulz C, Schumann G (1981) Klinische Studien zur Mg-Behandlung des tetanischen Syndroms. Mag Bull 1a:298–306.
Ghani MF, Rabah M (1977) Effect of magnesium chloride on electrical stability of heart. Am Heart J 94:600–602.
Hall SK, Fry CH (1992) Magnesium affects excitation, conduction, and contraction of isolated mammalian cardiac muscle. Am J Physiol 263:H622-H633.
Holzgartner H, Maier E, Vierling W (1990) Hochdosierte orale Magnesiumtherapie bei Herzrhythmusstörungen. Fortschr Med 108:539–542.
Iseri LT (1986) Magnesium and dysrhythmias. Mag Bull 8:223–229.
Iseri LT, Freed J, Bures AR (1975) Magnesium deficiency and cardiac disorders. Am J Med 58:837–846.
ISIS-4 Collaborative Group (1995) ISIS-4: a randomised factorial trial assessing early oral captopril, oral mononitrate, and intravenous magnesium sulphate in 58 050 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 345:669–685.
Jahnen A, Hesse A (1990) Zur Verwertbarkeit von Magnesium aus verschiedenen Darreichungsformen. VitaMinSpur 5:34–39.
Karbach U, Feldmeier H (1991) New clinical and experimental aspects of intestinal magnesium transport. Magnes Res 4:9–22.
Lindberg JS, Lobitz MM, Poindexter JR, Pak CYC (1990) Magnesium bioavailability from magnesium citrate and magnesium oxide. J Am Coll Nutr 9:48–55.
Lücker PW, Nestler T (1985) Zur therapeutischen Verwertbarkeit von Magnesiumzubereitungen. Mag Bull 7:62–65.
Meisinger V (1992) Magnesium und Laboranalytik. Mag Bull 14:1–5.
Mühlbauer B, Schwenk M, Coram WM, Antonin KH, Etienne P, Bieck PR, Douglas FL (1991) Magnesium-L-aspartate-HCl and magnesium-oxide: bioavailability in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 40:437–438.
Nicar MHJ, Pak CYC (1982) Oral magnesium load test for the assessment of intestinal magnesium absorption. Miner Electrolyte Metab 8:44–51.
Nowitzki-Grimm R, Grimm P, Thöni H, Classen HG (1991) Diagnosis of magnesium status. Mag Bull 13:107–115.
Pflug B, Paschen A, Aigeldinger E (1979) Tagesrhythmische Schwankungen der Magnesiumkonzentration in Plasma und Erythrozyten. Krankenhausarzt 52:281–284.
Schlebusch H, Pietrzik K, Gilles-Schmögner G, Zien A (1992) Bioverfügbarkeit von Magnesium als Magnesiumorotat und Magnesiumhydroxidcarbonat. Med Welt 43:532–528.
Spätling L (1985) Magnesiummangel und vorzeitige Wehentätigkeit. Mag Bull 3:81–86.
Szyska A, Brocki Z, Mrozikiewicz A, Paradowski S (1992) Dobowe zmiany stcezenia magnezu w surowicy zdrowych ludzi. Pol Tyg Lek 47:1078–1079.
Teo KK, Yusuf S (1993) Role of magnesium in reducing mortality in acute myocardial infarction. Drugs 46:347–359.
Wilimzig C, Vierling W (1991) Hochdosierte orale Magnesium-Therapie bei Koronarer Herzerkrankung. Herz Gefäße 11:602–627.
Woods KL, Fletcher S, Roffe C, Haider Y (1992) Intravenous magnesium sulphate in suspected acute myocardial infarction: results of the second Leicester Intravenous Magnesium Intervention Trial (LIMIT-2). Lancet 339:1553–1558.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wilimzig, C., Latz, R., Vierling, W. et al. Increase in magnesium plasma level after orally administered trimagnesium dicitrate. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 49, 317–323 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00226334
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00226334