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18.09.2024 | Originalien

Der Einsatz von „platelet-rich plasma“ (PRP) bei reduzierter ovarieller Reserve und ovarieller Insuffizienz – Hoffnung oder ungerechtfertigter Hype?

verfasst von: Maximilian Murtinger, Helena Bralo, Mathias Zech, Barbara Wirleitner, Dietmar Spitzer, Maximilian Schuff

Erschienen in: Gynäkologie in der Praxis | Ausgabe 4/2024

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Zusammenfassung

Prämature Ovarialinsuffizienz (POI) und reduzierte ovarielle Reserve (engl. „diminished ovarian reserve“ – kurz DOR) stellen – nicht zuletzt angesichts der immer späteren Familienplanung – wohl die beiden größten Herausforderungen der Reproduktionsmedizin dar. Sowohl das Krankheitsbild der POI als auch die altersbedingte und physiologische DOR sind prinzipiell irreversibel. Trotz des Einsatzes modernster reproduktionsmedizinischer Techniken sind die Chancen auf Realisierung des Kinderwunschs bei einer altersabhängigen DOR oder einer manifesten POI – abseits einer Eizellspende – als gering anzusehen. „Platelet-rich plasma“ (kurz PRP), ein Blutplasmaprodukt mit erhöhten Thrombozytenkonzentrationen, wird in vielen Bereichen der Medizin eingesetzt. Postuliert werden beim PRP-Einsatz proangiogenetische, proliferative und immunmodulierende Effekte. Einige Publikationen legen auch nahe, dass sich eine intraovarielle PRP-Anwendung positiv auf das Ovar auswirken könnte. Mittlerweile wird auch dieser intraovarielle PRP-Einsatz, teilweise auch recht reißerisch, als „ovarielle Verjüngungstherapie“ oder „ovarielle Regeneration“ beworben. Je nach Studie soll die intraovarielle PRP-Injektion dabei zu einer Verbesserung der ovariellen Reserve führen, wie etwa zu einer erhöhten Anzahl an gewonnen Eizellen und Embryonen. Gelegentlich soll PRP auch zu einer Verbesserung der Rate an euploiden Eizellen beitragen und letztendlich somit die Schwangerschaftschancen erhöhen. Wie ist die intraovarielle PRP-Anwendung, die sich immer größerer Nachfrage erfreut, zu bewerten? Die vorliegende Arbeit soll eine Übersicht der Studienlage geben und dabei auch detailliert die zugrunde liegenden Arbeitshypothesen durchleuchten. Dabei soll auch auf die physiologischen Prozesse der ovariellen Alterung und auf das Krankheitsbild POI eingegangen werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Der Einsatz von „platelet-rich plasma“ (PRP) bei reduzierter ovarieller Reserve und ovarieller Insuffizienz – Hoffnung oder ungerechtfertigter Hype?
verfasst von
Maximilian Murtinger
Helena Bralo
Mathias Zech
Barbara Wirleitner
Dietmar Spitzer
Maximilian Schuff
Publikationsdatum
18.09.2024
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
Gynäkologie in der Praxis / Ausgabe 4/2024
Print ISSN: 3005-0758
Elektronische ISSN: 3005-0766
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41974-024-00331-z