Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie/Schweiz 3/2019

26.08.2019 | Prävention

Der Einfluss der Gestagene auf die Knochengesundheit

verfasst von: Dr. med. Maki Kashiwagi, Vanadin Seifert-Klauss

Erschienen in: Journal für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie/Schweiz | Ausgabe 3/2019

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Progesteron und synthetische Gestagene verfügen neben der Fähigkeit zur Endometriumtransformation über eine Reihe weiterer nichtgenomischer und genomischer Wirkmechanismen, die in ihrer Vielzahl noch Gegenstand aktueller Forschung sind. Während Medroxyprogesteronacetat in hoher Dosis (Depotgestagene) mit einer Verminderung des Knochenaufbaus assoziiert ist, wirken in niedriger Dosis (tägliche Gabe) Gestagene unterschiedlich stark auch zusätzlich zum antiresorptiven Östrogen positiv – vor allem anabol – auf den Knochen. Bereits in der Perimenopause und damit vor dem Östrogendefizit der Meno‑/Postmenopause kommt es zu einem markanten Knochendichteverlust. Vom gesamten menopausalen trabekulären Verlust verlieren manche Frauen 50 % in der Perimenopause. Mehrere Untersuchungen weisen hierbei auf eine Assoziation mit gestörten Lutealphasen und damit verbundenem relativem Progesteronmangel hin. Bei klimakterischen Beschwerden könnte somit der sequenzielle Einsatz von Progesteron oder gezielt ausgewählten synthetischen Gestagenen zusammen mit Östrogenen einen zusätzlichen Beitrag zur Osteoporoseprävention leisten.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Stute P et al (2014) Gynaecologists’ awareness of bone healthcare in Switzerland. Swiss Med Wkly 144:w13931PubMed Stute P et al (2014) Gynaecologists’ awareness of bone healthcare in Switzerland. Swiss Med Wkly 144:w13931PubMed
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Bonnick SL (2008) Monitoring changes in bone density. Womens Health (Lond) 4:89–97CrossRef Bonnick SL (2008) Monitoring changes in bone density. Womens Health (Lond) 4:89–97CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat International Society For Clinical Densitometrist Official Position 2015 International Society For Clinical Densitometrist Official Position 2015
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Cauley JA et al (2003) Effects of estrogen plus progestin on risk of fracture and bone mineral density: the Women’s Health Initiative randomized trial. JAMA 290(13):1729–1738CrossRefPubMed Cauley JA et al (2003) Effects of estrogen plus progestin on risk of fracture and bone mineral density: the Women’s Health Initiative randomized trial. JAMA 290(13):1729–1738CrossRefPubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Lindsay R et al (2005) Bone response to treatment with lower doses of conjugated estrogens with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate in early postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 16(4):372–379CrossRefPubMed Lindsay R et al (2005) Bone response to treatment with lower doses of conjugated estrogens with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate in early postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 16(4):372–379CrossRefPubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Torgerson DJ, Bell-Syer SE (2001) Hormone replacement therapy and prevention of nonvertebral fractures: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. JAMA 285(22):2891–2897CrossRefPubMed Torgerson DJ, Bell-Syer SE (2001) Hormone replacement therapy and prevention of nonvertebral fractures: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. JAMA 285(22):2891–2897CrossRefPubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Torgerson DJ, Bell-Syer SE (2001) Hormone replacement therapy and prevention of vertebral fractures: a meta-analysis of randomised trials. Bmc Musculoskelet Disord 2:7CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Torgerson DJ, Bell-Syer SE (2001) Hormone replacement therapy and prevention of vertebral fractures: a meta-analysis of randomised trials. Bmc Musculoskelet Disord 2:7CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Baber RJ et al (2016) 2016 IMS Recommendations on women’s midlife health and menopause hormone therapy. Climacteric 19(2):109–150CrossRefPubMed Baber RJ et al (2016) 2016 IMS Recommendations on women’s midlife health and menopause hormone therapy. Climacteric 19(2):109–150CrossRefPubMed
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Stanczyk FZ et al (2013) Progestogens used in postmenopausal hormone therapy: differences in their pharmacological properties, intracellular actions, and clinical effects. Endocr Rev 34(2):171–208CrossRefPubMed Stanczyk FZ et al (2013) Progestogens used in postmenopausal hormone therapy: differences in their pharmacological properties, intracellular actions, and clinical effects. Endocr Rev 34(2):171–208CrossRefPubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Gellersen B, Fernandes MS, Brosens JJ (2009) Non-genomic progesterone actions in female reproduction. Hum Reprod Update 15(1):119–138CrossRefPubMed Gellersen B, Fernandes MS, Brosens JJ (2009) Non-genomic progesterone actions in female reproduction. Hum Reprod Update 15(1):119–138CrossRefPubMed
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Taraborrelli S (2015) Physiology, production and action of progesterone. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 94(Suppl 161):8–16CrossRefPubMed Taraborrelli S (2015) Physiology, production and action of progesterone. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 94(Suppl 161):8–16CrossRefPubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Seifert-Klauss V et al (2012) Progesterone and bone: a closer link than previously realized. Climacteric 15(Suppl 1):26–31CrossRefPubMed Seifert-Klauss V et al (2012) Progesterone and bone: a closer link than previously realized. Climacteric 15(Suppl 1):26–31CrossRefPubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Ishida Y (2008) Effect of progestins with different glucocorticoid activity on bone metabolism. Clin Endocrinol (oxf) 68(3):423–428 Ishida Y (2008) Effect of progestins with different glucocorticoid activity on bone metabolism. Clin Endocrinol (oxf) 68(3):423–428
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Enriquez J et al (2017) The synthetic progestin, gestodene, affects functional biomarkers in neonatal rat osteoblasts through an estrogen receptor-related mechanism of action. Endocr Res 42(4):269–280CrossRefPubMed Enriquez J et al (2017) The synthetic progestin, gestodene, affects functional biomarkers in neonatal rat osteoblasts through an estrogen receptor-related mechanism of action. Endocr Res 42(4):269–280CrossRefPubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Lemus AE et al (2009) Bioconversion of norethisterone, a progesterone receptor agonist into estrogen receptor agonists in osteoblastic cells. J Endocrinol 200(2):199–206CrossRefPubMed Lemus AE et al (2009) Bioconversion of norethisterone, a progesterone receptor agonist into estrogen receptor agonists in osteoblastic cells. J Endocrinol 200(2):199–206CrossRefPubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Curtis KM, Martins SL (2006) Progestogen-only contraception and bone mineral density: a systematic review. Contraception 73(5):470–487CrossRefPubMed Curtis KM, Martins SL (2006) Progestogen-only contraception and bone mineral density: a systematic review. Contraception 73(5):470–487CrossRefPubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Scholes D et al (2002) Injectable hormone contraception and bone density: results from a prospective study. Epidemiology 13(5):581–587CrossRefPubMed Scholes D et al (2002) Injectable hormone contraception and bone density: results from a prospective study. Epidemiology 13(5):581–587CrossRefPubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaunitz AM, Arias R, McClung M (2008) Bone density recovery after depot medroxyprogesterone acetate injectable contraception use. Contraception 77(2):67–76CrossRefPubMed Kaunitz AM, Arias R, McClung M (2008) Bone density recovery after depot medroxyprogesterone acetate injectable contraception use. Contraception 77(2):67–76CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Costa ML et al (2012) Progestin-only contraception prevents bone loss in postpartum breastfeeding women. Contraception 85(4):374–380CrossRefPubMed Costa ML et al (2012) Progestin-only contraception prevents bone loss in postpartum breastfeeding women. Contraception 85(4):374–380CrossRefPubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Lanza LL et al (2013) Use of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception and incidence of bone fracture. Obstet Gynecol 121(3):593–600CrossRefPubMed Lanza LL et al (2013) Use of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception and incidence of bone fracture. Obstet Gynecol 121(3):593–600CrossRefPubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Meier C et al (2010) Use of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate and fracture risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95(11):4909–4916CrossRefPubMed Meier C et al (2010) Use of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate and fracture risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95(11):4909–4916CrossRefPubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Orr-Walker BJ et al (1998) The effect of past use of the injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on bone mineral density in normal post-menopausal women. Clin Endocrinol (oxf) 49(5):615–618CrossRef Orr-Walker BJ et al (1998) The effect of past use of the injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on bone mineral density in normal post-menopausal women. Clin Endocrinol (oxf) 49(5):615–618CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Thijssen JH (2003) Overview on the effects of progestins on bone. Maturitas 46(Suppl 1):77–87CrossRef Thijssen JH (2003) Overview on the effects of progestins on bone. Maturitas 46(Suppl 1):77–87CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Horowitz M et al (1993) Effects of norethisterone on bone related biochemical variables and forearm bone mineral in post-menopausal osteoporosis. Clin Endocrinol (oxf) 39(6):649–655CrossRef Horowitz M et al (1993) Effects of norethisterone on bone related biochemical variables and forearm bone mineral in post-menopausal osteoporosis. Clin Endocrinol (oxf) 39(6):649–655CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Kuhnz W et al (1997) In vivo conversion of norethisterone and norethisterone acetate to ethinyl etradiol in postmenopausal women. Contraception 56(6):379–385CrossRefPubMed Kuhnz W et al (1997) In vivo conversion of norethisterone and norethisterone acetate to ethinyl etradiol in postmenopausal women. Contraception 56(6):379–385CrossRefPubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Lindsay R et al (2002) Effect of lower doses of conjugated equine estrogens with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate on bone in early postmenopausal women. JAMA 287(20):2668–2676CrossRefPubMed Lindsay R et al (2002) Effect of lower doses of conjugated equine estrogens with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate on bone in early postmenopausal women. JAMA 287(20):2668–2676CrossRefPubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu JH, Muse KN (2005) The effects of progestins on bone density and bone metabolism in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 192(4):1316–1323 (discussion 1323–4)CrossRefPubMed Liu JH, Muse KN (2005) The effects of progestins on bone density and bone metabolism in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 192(4):1316–1323 (discussion 1323–4)CrossRefPubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Prior JC et al (2006) Unsuccessful attempt to demonstrate progesterone’s bone formation actions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 194(5):1502–1503 (author reply 1503–4)CrossRefPubMed Prior JC et al (2006) Unsuccessful attempt to demonstrate progesterone’s bone formation actions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 194(5):1502–1503 (author reply 1503–4)CrossRefPubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Prior JC et al (2017) Estrogen-progestin therapy causes a greater increase in spinal bone mineral density than estrogen therapy—a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials with direct randomization. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 17(3):146–154PubMedPubMedCentral Prior JC et al (2017) Estrogen-progestin therapy causes a greater increase in spinal bone mineral density than estrogen therapy—a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials with direct randomization. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 17(3):146–154PubMedPubMedCentral
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Greendale GA et al (2012) Bone mineral density loss in relation to the final menstrual period in a multiethnic cohort: results from the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN). J Bone Miner Res 27(1):111–118CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Greendale GA et al (2012) Bone mineral density loss in relation to the final menstrual period in a multiethnic cohort: results from the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN). J Bone Miner Res 27(1):111–118CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Seifert-Klauss V et al (2012) Bone loss in premenopausal, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: results of a prospective observational study over 9 years. Climacteric 15(5):433–440CrossRefPubMed Seifert-Klauss V et al (2012) Bone loss in premenopausal, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: results of a prospective observational study over 9 years. Climacteric 15(5):433–440CrossRefPubMed
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Prior JC et al (2013) The endocrinology of Perimenopause—new definition and understanding of hormonal and bone changes. Current topics in menopause, S 54–83 Prior JC et al (2013) The endocrinology of Perimenopause—new definition and understanding of hormonal and bone changes. Current topics in menopause, S 54–83
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Prior JC et al (1990) Spinal bone loss and ovulatory disturbances. N Engl J Med 323(18):1221–1227CrossRefPubMed Prior JC et al (1990) Spinal bone loss and ovulatory disturbances. N Engl J Med 323(18):1221–1227CrossRefPubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Prior JC et al (1994) Cyclic medroxyprogesterone treatment increases bone density: a controlled trial in active women with menstrual cycle disturbances. Am J Med 96(6):521–530CrossRefPubMed Prior JC et al (1994) Cyclic medroxyprogesterone treatment increases bone density: a controlled trial in active women with menstrual cycle disturbances. Am J Med 96(6):521–530CrossRefPubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Li D et al (2014) Negative spinal bone mineral density changes and subclinical ovulatory disturbances—prospective data in healthy premenopausal women with regular menstrual cycles. Epidemiol Rev 36:137–147CrossRefPubMed Li D et al (2014) Negative spinal bone mineral density changes and subclinical ovulatory disturbances—prospective data in healthy premenopausal women with regular menstrual cycles. Epidemiol Rev 36:137–147CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Der Einfluss der Gestagene auf die Knochengesundheit
verfasst von
Dr. med. Maki Kashiwagi
Vanadin Seifert-Klauss
Publikationsdatum
26.08.2019
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
Journal für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie/Schweiz / Ausgabe 3/2019
Print ISSN: 1995-6924
Elektronische ISSN: 2520-8500
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41975-019-00101-7

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2019

Journal für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie/Schweiz 3/2019 Zur Ausgabe

Editorial

Éditorial

Aus aller Welt

Aus aller Welt

Blick über den Tellerrand

Die Welt des Tai Chi