Checkpoint inhibitors in head and neck cancer

Head and neck cancer (HNC) are aggressive cancers and represents the sixth leading cancer by incidence worldwide. This kind of cancer constitutes about 3% of all newly diagnosed malignant tumors in humans, and this percentage is likely to increase in the future. Most common available treatment methods which include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are associated with low survival outcomes in combination with substantial toxicities emphasize the necessity for novel treatment strategies.The combination immunotherapies represent a fundamental step in the progress towards improving responses, and immune checkpoint inhibitors will likely become the immunotherapeutic backbone of future cancer treatments.