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Erschienen in: Wiener klinisches Magazin 1/2015

01.02.2015 | Leitthema

Antiinfektive Erstherapie bei Sepsis

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. Heinz Burgmann

Erschienen in: Wiener klinisches Magazin | Ausgabe 1/2015

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die adäquate antimikrobielle Therapie ist ein Grundpfeiler der effektiven Sepsistherapie. Die internationalen Leitlinien empfehlen den Beginn der antimikrobiellen Therapie innerhalb einer Stunde nach Diagnose der Sepsis. Der Zeitpunkt der Therapieinitiierung wurde in den letzten Jahren in zahlreichen Studien untersucht.

Ziel

Ziel dieser Studie war die Identifizierung der optimalen initialen Antiinfektivatherapie bei Patienten mit schwerer Sepsis bzw. septischen Schock anhand publizierter Daten.

Material und Methode

Es wurde ein Literaturreview durchgeführt.

Resultate

Eine große Anzahl von Studien belegt, dass eine rasche initiale Antiinfektivatherapie auf das Überleben von Patienten mit schwerer Sepsis und septischen Schock signifikanten Einfluss hat. Allerdings findet sich auch eine nicht zu übersehende Anzahl von Studien, die zeigen, dass eine Gruppe von septischen Patienten von einer raschen antimikrobiellen Therapie nicht nur nicht profitiert, sondern dadurch auch Schaden nehmen kann. Bei diesen Patienten kann durch Zuwarten mit einer gezielten antimikrobiellen Therapie begonnen werden und somit der mögliche Kollateralschaden einer überschießenden Therapie mit Antiinfektiva vermieden werden. Eine antiinfektive Monotherapie ist in vielen Fällen ausreichend.

Schlussfolgerung

Die Verabreichung einer empirischen antimikrobiellen Therapie basierend auf der lokalen Epidemiologie sollte bei Patienten mit Sepsis und Hypotension rasch eingeleitet werden. Bei Patienten, die nicht hypotensiv sind, kann mit der Therapie gewartet werden, bis Untersuchungen bzw. die klinische Einschätzung den Verdacht auf eine Infektion erhärten.
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Metadaten
Titel
Antiinfektive Erstherapie bei Sepsis
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. Heinz Burgmann
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2015
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
Wiener klinisches Magazin / Ausgabe 1/2015
Print ISSN: 1869-1757
Elektronische ISSN: 1613-7817
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00740-014-0031-4

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