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Erschienen in: Wiener klinisches Magazin 1/2017

01.02.2017 | Palliativmedizin

Palliative Therapie der Atemnot bei fortgeschrittenen Erkrankungen

verfasst von: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Claudia Bausewein, PhD, M.Sc.

Erschienen in: Wiener klinisches Magazin | Ausgabe 1/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Atemnot ist ein häufiges und belastendes Symptom bei fortgeschrittenen Erkrankungen. Sie beeinträchtigt die Lebensqualität der Patienten und ihrer Angehörigen erheblich.

Ziel der Arbeit

Auf Basis der vorhandenen Evidenz werden die nichtmedikamentösen und medikamentösen Behandlungsoptionen für Atemnot zusammengefasst.

Material und Methoden

Es wurden Primärstudien, Übersichtsarbeiten und Leitlinien zu den genannten Symptomen und deren Behandlung ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse

Wichtig für die Behandlung der Atemnot sind zunächst das Erkennen und die Evaluation. Zur Therapie stehen nichtmedikamentöse und medikamentöse Maßnahmen zur Verfügung, die in der Regel miteinander kombiniert werden sollten. Allgemeine Informationen, ein Plan zum Umgang mit Atemnot, der Einsatz eines Handventilators, körperliche Aktivität und Rollatoren gehören zu den nichtmedikamentösen Maßnahmen. Opioide sind Medikamente der ersten Wahl für eine therapierefraktäre Atemnot. In Bezug auf Benzodiazepine und andere Medikamente ist die Evidenz nur gering.

Schlussfolgerung

Für die Behandlung der Atemnot gibt es eine Reihe von Therapieoptionen, die dem Patienten besonders im nichtmedikamentösen Bereich helfen, besser mit der Atemnot zurechtzukommen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Palliative Therapie der Atemnot bei fortgeschrittenen Erkrankungen
verfasst von
Univ.-Prof. Dr. Claudia Bausewein, PhD, M.Sc.
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2017
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
Wiener klinisches Magazin / Ausgabe 1/2017
Print ISSN: 1869-1757
Elektronische ISSN: 1613-7817
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00740-016-0156-8

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