May-Thurner syndrome: old acquaintance, new perspective

May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) results from a frequent anatomic variant in which compression of the left common iliac vein between the body of the fifth lumbar vertebra and the pulsating right common iliac artery can cause deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the left lower limb. While anticoagulation remains the mainstay treatment of acute DVT, catheter-directed thrombolysis combined with stenting provides a safe and effective method for relieving acute symptoms and preventing postthrombotic syndrome in patients with MTS. In this article the diagnostic and treatment methods are presented in the case report of a 65-year-old woman with MTS who suffered iliofemoral DVT. Knowledge of anatomy is crucial for understanding and recognizing MTS as well as for treating MTS with endovascular procedures.