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Erschienen in: Wiener klinische Wochenschrift 7-8/2012

01.04.2012 | review article

Sarcoidosis and molecular mimicry—important etiopathogenetic aspects: current state and future directions

verfasst von: Georgi Tchernev, MD, PhD, Julian Ananiev, MD, PhD, José Carlos Cardoso, MD, Uwe Wollina, MD, Shyam B. Verma, MBBS, DVD, James W. Patterson, MD, Lyubomir A. Dourmishev, MD, PhD, Michael Tronnier, MD, Hiroyuki Okamoto, MD, PhD, Kana Mizuno, MD, PhD, Nobuo Kanazawa, MD, PhD, Maya Gulubova, MD, PhD, Irena Manolova, MD, PhD, Cristina Salaro, MD

Erschienen in: Wiener klinische Wochenschrift | Ausgabe 7-8/2012

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Summary

Sarcoidosis is a disease of uncertainty in terms of its cause, presentation, and clinical course. The disease has a worldwide distribution and affects all ages, races, and both sex. Sarcoidosis of the skin may have an extremely heterogeneous clinical presentation, so that the definitions of ‘great imitator’ and ‘clinical chameleon’ have long been used.
The factors that influence clinical picture and severity of the disease are probably linked to the etiopathogenesis of sarcoidosis, which continues to be shrouded in mystery.
The current state of the art on the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis is that it is an immunological response in a genetically susceptible individual to an as-yet undefined antigenic stimulus. How exposure occurs in genetically predisposed patients is not completely clear, but the most likely explanation is that these agents or antigens are either inhaled into the lungs or enter through contact with the skin, as these are the common target organs that are constantly in contact with the environment. An autoimmune etiology of sarcoidosis could possibly occur through a process of molecular mimicry of infectious or other environmental antigens to host antigens. This could lead to a cross-mediated immune response and induction of autoimmune disease. This molecular mimicry may probably be responsible for the heterogeneous clinical presentations of the disease.
Several investigations and studies have provided valuable evidence on the etiopathogenesis of sarcoidosis, which may lead to the future development of targeted and innovative treatment strategies. Nevertheless, we are still a long way from unravelling the underlying cause of this mysterious disease.
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Metadaten
Titel
Sarcoidosis and molecular mimicry—important etiopathogenetic aspects: current state and future directions
verfasst von
Georgi Tchernev, MD, PhD
Julian Ananiev, MD, PhD
José Carlos Cardoso, MD
Uwe Wollina, MD
Shyam B. Verma, MBBS, DVD
James W. Patterson, MD
Lyubomir A. Dourmishev, MD, PhD
Michael Tronnier, MD
Hiroyuki Okamoto, MD, PhD
Kana Mizuno, MD, PhD
Nobuo Kanazawa, MD, PhD
Maya Gulubova, MD, PhD
Irena Manolova, MD, PhD
Cristina Salaro, MD
Publikationsdatum
01.04.2012
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift / Ausgabe 7-8/2012
Print ISSN: 0043-5325
Elektronische ISSN: 1613-7671
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-012-0154-9

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